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According to the Wall Street Journal, landlords have a reason to rejoice: A “landlord-friendly era” of real estate is about to unfold.

The high cost of mortgage rates and homeownership doesn’t look like it will abate any time soon. With the new construction pipeline drained by the end of the year, landlords can expect to see rental prices increase nationwide as 2025 progresses. 

“The relationship is going to very quickly flip from a renter-friendly environment to a landlord-friendly environment,” Lee Everett, head of research and strategy at multifamily giant Cortland, told the Wall Street Journal

Compounding the issue is stubborn inflation, which is likely to cause the Federal Reserve to hit pause on any rate cuts.  “It will be very hard for the headline inflation number to reach the Fed’s 2% goal without a slowdown in housing costs,” Lisa Sturtevant, chief economist at Bright MLS, told the Journal.

Rents have steadily been climbing in the Midwest, Northeast, and parts of the West Coast—where construction has been considerably less than in the Sunbelt. According to real estate analytics data and analytics giant CoStar, landlords can expect multifamily rents to show “meaningful growth” in the second half of 2025 as demand overtakes supply. 

Construction Costs Could See Rents Increase

One of the big unknowns about the Trump presidency is how much construction costs are likely to increase should tariffs persist and migrant deportations continue. According to the National Association of Home Builders, the U.S. imports about 70% of its building materials from Canada and Mexico. Additionally, undocumented labor contributes about 13% of the construction workforce.

As construction declines in the South, demand for rentals has been increasing, with the multifamily vacancy rate now below its long-term average for the first time in about two years, according to the Journal. The overall pattern points to a multifamily wave of increasing rents, which explains why real estate investment trusts (REITs) have been buying up Sunbelt multifamilies. 

“We assume that the second half of 2025 [into] 2026 will be back to rent growth,” Gaia CEO Danny Fishman, who has recently overseen the purchase of three Sunbelt properties for his REIT, told the Journal.  “We are playing the wave.”

Democratic government officials are less enthusiastic about increasing rent prices, which is exacerbating a housing market mired in an affordability crisis.

“This is chaos on steroids,” Virginia Democratic Senator Mark Warner said. “The problem is that from the rental market side, I fear those folks are going to bear the biggest burden.”

Markets With the Greatest Rent Increases

A review of HUD data from constructioncoverage.com highlighted parts of the country where rent is rising fastest. While median rents for 2025 are expected to be 4.8% higher nationally than in 2024, the Mountain West, specifically Montana, and Idaho, lead the nation, where rents are projected to be over 20% higher year over year, more than four times the national average.

Virginia (11.6%), Tennessee (10.7%), and Hawaii (9.2%) also show far higher-than-average rent increases. However, on a metropolitan level, one city stands out above all others—Bozeman, Montana—where rents are forecast to be 37.4% higher in 2025 than the year before. Boise City, Idaho, is not far behind, with a 32.1% increase.

Drilling down on the reasons for the rent spikes in these areas, the local Daily Montanan revealed that the Bozeman market is essentially frozen, with 80% of mortgage holders in the state having rates that are 2% to 3% below the current mortgage rates and thus unwilling to move and increase inventory. 

A lack of new housing and an influx of residents from neighboring states has led to a wildly unaffordable real estate market. From 2010 to 2020, there was 9.6% population growth against 6.6% housing growth. Montana lagged behind as surrounding states saw a burst of homebuilding after the pandemic. With a 14,000 housing unit gap, it would take three years of constant building at Montana’s current rate just to meet the existing demand—not factoring in the increasing demand of new residents.

Rents Overall Will Show Steady Increases

Using RealPage data, CRE Daily provided further insights into the expected state of the rental market in 2025. Here are the key takeaways:

 

Final Thoughts

Interest rates, insurance, property prices, and taxes are all up, so the last thing people should do is buy real estate, right? Wrong. Quiet markets like these are the ideal time to strike deals and buy real estate—if you can afford it.

If you’ve got access to cash, now is a great time to buy and hold to refinance later. Rents and house prices are only going to increase. However, if you’re a small mom-and-pop landlord with limited funds, leveraging at a time like this and praying for an interest rate reduction and rental increase will age you overnight. 

Now is not a time to think about cash flow. It’s time to build a portfolio that simply pays for itself. 

Cash flow is a long way down the line. Heaven forbid your tenants move out or stop paying. With high holding costs and no cash on the sidelines to bail you out, you could be in big trouble.

The good news for investors is that with higher interest rates, landlords are not getting inundated with offers. Some might be feeling the pain of an interest rate that adjusted upwards during the Fed increases and never came down. This means now could be a good time to strike a deal.

Find the Hottest Deals of 2025!

Uncover prime deals in today’s market with the brand new Deal Finder created just for investors like you! Snag great deals FAST with custom buy boxes, comprehensive property insights, and property projections.

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Real estate investors are increasingly looking for ways to grow their portfolios, and self-directed IRAs offer a way to invest in real estate while deferring or even eliminating taxes on earnings. Unlike traditional IRAs that focus on stocks and mutual funds, a self-directed IRA allows you to diversify into alternative assets like rental properties or raw land and even lending to other investors.

However, before using your retirement funds to invest in real estate, it’s important to understand that there are strict IRS rules regarding what an IRA cannot invest in. The IRS doesn’t provide a list of approved investments, but they do outline what is prohibited. Failing to follow these rules could trigger taxes and penalties or even disqualify your IRA entirely.

Here are five investments that are not allowed within an IRA:

1. Property for Personal Use

While real estate investments are allowed within an IRA, any property purchased with IRA funds cannot be used for personal purposes. This means you or another disqualified person cannot live in, vacation at, or otherwise use the property for yourself. 

For example, if your IRA purchases a vacation rental property, you cannot stay there for even one night. The property must be strictly held as an investment and must not provide any personal benefit to you or any disqualified persons.

Additionally, any expenses related to the property (such as maintenance, repairs, and property taxes) must be paid directly from the IRA. Conversely, any income generated from the property (such as rental income) must be deposited back into the IRA and cannot be withdrawn for personal use until you reach retirement age. 

2. Property You or Another Disqualified Person Owns 

Real estate is a popular investment option for self-directed IRAs, but there are guidelines on how that real estate can be acquired and used. One of the biggest restrictions is that you cannot invest in property that you or another disqualified person owns or has previously owned.

A disqualified person includes you, the IRA owner, your spouse, direct ancestors or descendants like parents, grandparents, and children, and any entity where you or another disqualified person has significant ownership. For example, if you currently own a rental property and want to move it into your IRA, this would also be a prohibited transaction. 

To avoid issues, IRA real estate investments must be entirely arms-length transactions, meaning you and any disqualified individuals cannot live in, work on, or personally benefit from the property in any way. The property must be solely for investment purposes.

3. A Personally Guaranteed Loan or Loan to Yourself or Another Disqualified Person

IRAs cannot be used to extend loans to you, your business, or any other disqualified person. Additionally, you cannot personally guarantee a loan that is taken out using IRA funds.

Here’s what that means in practice:

  • You cannot take out a personal loan from your IRA, even if you intend to repay it.
  • Your IRA cannot lend money to your spouse, children, parents, or any other disqualified individual.

If you use your IRA to purchase real estate with debt financing, the loan must be a non-recourse loan—meaning it is secured solely by the property, and in the event of a default, the lender’s only recourse is that collateral. If an IRA owner engages in a prohibited lending transaction, the IRS may consider the entire IRA distributed, resulting in taxes and potential penalties. 

4. Collectibles

While IRAs can hold a diverse set of alternative investments, the IRS has specifically prohibited investments in collectibles. This includes items such as:

  • Alcohol
  • Artwork and antiques
  • Automobiles
  • Precious gems and jewelry
  • Rugs 
  • Stamps

If an IRA is found to contain prohibited collectibles, this would be known as a prohibited transaction. According to IRS guidelines, the IRA then no longer exists, and the entire investment is treated as a distribution, potentially triggering tax liabilities and penalties.

5. Life Insurance Policies

Unlike other tax-advantaged accounts, such as 401(k)s, which may allow certain life insurance investments under specific circumstances, IRAs cannot be used to purchase or hold life insurance policies. 

IRAs are designed to be long-term retirement savings vehicles that provide future income, while life insurance policies serve a different financial purpose: providing a benefit to beneficiaries upon death. Because of this fundamental difference, the IRS prohibits life insurance contracts within an IRA.

Final Thoughts

Self-directed IRAs can be a powerful tool for real estate investors, offering tax advantages and investment diversification. However, it’s crucial to understand what types of transactions and investments are prohibited to avoid unexpected tax liabilities. (You can find the entire list in IRS Publication 590.) Once you understand the few investments not allowed in an IRA, the many possibilities of what you can invest in become apparent. 

If you’re interested in learning more about investing with a self-directed IRA, check out our 15-Minute Guide to Building Wealth Through Self-Directed IRA Real Estate Investing. It breaks down how it’s possible to fund more real estate investments and keep more of the profits with the step-by-step process of investing in real estate through a self-directed IRA.

Equity Trust Company is a directed custodian and does not provide tax, legal, or investment advice. Any information communicated by Equity Trust is for educational purposes only, and should not be construed as tax, legal, or investment advice. Whenever making an investment decision, please consult with your tax attorney or financial professional.

BiggerPockets/PassivePockets is not affiliated in any way with Equity Trust Company or any of Equity’s family of companies. Opinions or ideas expressed by BiggerPockets/PassivePockets are not necessarily those of Equity Trust Company, nor do they reflect their views or endorsement. The information provided by Equity Trust Company is for educational purposes only. Equity Trust Company and their affiliates, representatives, and officers do not provide legal or tax advice. Investing involves risk, including possible loss of principal. Please consult your tax and legal advisors before making investment decisions. Equity Trust and BiggerPockets/PassivePockets may receive referral fees for any services performed as a result of being referred to opportunities.

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30 real estate deals in two years, starting with very little money, AND doing it all while working a nine-to-five? After listening to Tim Yu, you’ll have no excuse NOT to invest in real estate. He’s done it all: house hacking, creative financing, seller financing, lease-to-own, single-family, multifamily, house flipping, and everything in between to find the real estate investing tactic that worked best for his goals and his lifestyle.

After trying (and failing) house flipping, Tim was ready to give up on real estate entirely. It wasn’t until a house hack (renting out other units/rooms in your home) gave Tim the cash flow he needed that he decided to give real estate another shot. From there, he spent hours calling owners after work, sweating bullets on cold calls, and refining his real estate skills.

He’s been able to buy a house for truly ZERO dollars down, pick up profitable rental properties for as little as $3,000, and get seller financing terms that have made him six figures in just a year or so. Tim has tried every strategy, so you don’t have to, and if one of his tactics resonates with you, be like Tim and give it your all!

Dave:
This investor has made more than 30 deals work in just his first two years in the real estate game, and he started with almost no money in his bank account. Today. We’ll find out how he did it. Hey everyone. Welcome back to the BiggerPockets podcast where you’ll learn how to achieve financial freedom through real estate. I’m Dave Meyer, the head of real estate investing here at BiggerPockets, and today’s guest on the show is Tim Yu, a US army officer living in Maryland. Tim was on the Real Estate Rookie Podcast episode 3 35 back in November of 2023, and at that time, he’d accumulated eight rental properties only one year after dipping into his 401k to make his first deal work. And Tim’s story really stuck with me because he tried so many different business models. He did long-term rentals, midterm rentals, he did flips, wholesaling and more.
He operated in several different markets and he took on different partners. And this level of diversification can get out of control if you don’t do it wisely. But Tim was an example of how you can do this. Well. He understood the risks he was taking and was still able to deploy his limited capital and time very effectively. Today we’re going to hear how Tim doubled his rental portfolio in his second year of investing, how he uses creative financing and basically just pure hustle to make up for a lack of liquid cash and much more. Tim, welcome to the BiggerPockets podcast,

Tim:
Man. Thanks so much. I’m super excited. I’ve been listening to the BiggerPockets for quite a few years now, so it’s pretty awesome to be on the show. So thank you so much.

Dave:
It’s our pleasure, Tim. We’re happy to have you here. You were recently on the BiggerPockets Rookie Show, but your story is super cool and inspiring, and so we wanted to dig a little bit more into your story, but maybe if people don’t listen to the Rookie podcast, you could just give us a brief background on how you got into investing in the first place.

Tim:
Yeah, back in 2022, I actually bought my first investment property and it was a fix and flip. And that fix and flip was everything bad that you can imagine happened to me. Bad contractors, crazy drug deal across the street.

Dave:
Oh no,

Tim:
The whole nine yards. And I thought that project was going to take 30 days and ended up being six months, and I think we made $2,500 on it, so it wasn’t even really worth the money.

Dave:
Well, they do it all and come out ahead. Even 2,500 bucks on your first deal, it’s pretty good. You’re a braver man than I being able to go for a flick and flip on your first deal.

Tim:
It was like a cheap special investor special. It was all boarded up and everything, and I was like, you know what? Screw it. I’ve been listening to so many episodes, I’m just going to pull the trigger on it. So

Dave:
Good for you, but hopefully you at least learn something.

Tim:
Oh, a hundred percent, right. I think that you don’t learn as much until you actually take some action, obviously with some controlled risk. And then after that first fix and flip, I actually started doing direct to seller investing where I would market and call sellers myself, was doing a lot of lease options and creative finance deals. And the reason why I was on the Rookie show is because I was known for purchasing eight properties in a year, and it was all financed differently. I had to do seller finance or doing a lease option. And then obviously I use my VA loan as well because I’m a veteran and I did the old house hack trick in late 2023, and then that’s how I kind of ended up here. So

Dave:
I want to dig into the makeup and contents of your portfolio, but can you tell me just more about what motivated you to get into this? Because starting with a flip and doing a little bit more time intensive strategies, it sounds like, what inspired you to go that way, at least at first when you entered the industry?

Tim:
So I used to live in Louisville, Kentucky, and that’s where I started my entire investing journey. And for all you army folks out there, I was stationed at Fort Knox, Kentucky, and that’s about an hour long commute each way. So I was driving two hours a day, so I would just destroy the podcast, just living the episodes every single day. And the idea of fixing a flipping a property and making 30, $40,000 just sounded really cool to me. So that was ultimately the path I chose. But how I ended up on the property that I purchased, which was really crazy, which I used to look on Zillow every single day, and there was a property that went from a hundred grand listing and it dropped down to 50 grand overnight. So I immediately called my agent, I was like, Hey, we should go see it. And we find out that there was some squatters that broke in and the owners of the property lived in California, so they wanted nothing to do with the property. And now looking back, I probably could have got it way cheaper, cheaper than 50 grand. So I ended up getting under contract for 40 grand.

Dave:
Oh my God.

Tim:
But I probably could have got 25 30 out of it.

Dave:
Oh my God.

Tim:
But I rushed, what kind of house is this? Oh my gosh. It was like a, in Louisville, Kentucky, there’s tons of shotgun houses, so single floor, just single layout and looking at all the comps and stuff. And even my hard money lender was like, oh, I think the ARV is about one 20. The problem is nobody wanted to buy in that neighborhood because it was a super high crime rate, but I didn’t know anything. I just wanted to buy a property and see how it went.

Dave:
I mean, I imagine that you said you thought it was going to get down in 30 days. I’m sure getting the squatters out took longer than that.

Tim:
Yeah, that was our deal that I did not learn about until we were kind of in the brush of it. But after 30 days or so, I actually did the cash for Keys method Smart. And they actually ended up taking it, which I was super surprised about. Didn’t have to go through an actual eviction or anything like

Dave:
That. All right, so you caught a little bit of a break there. That’s nice.

Tim:
Yeah.

Dave:
Alright, so you did this first deal, sounds like a couple headaches, but you came out basically even for your time over six months. What about that experience encouraged you to keep going? I think given some of the challenges, a lot of people might’ve walked away. So

Tim:
When the deal was over, actually during the deal, I was like, I don’t want to do real estate ever again. I don’t play me. But luckily one of my friends I ran into at a local real estate meetup was like, listen, I’m not going to say it gets easier, but you have a lot more experience and if you did do another flip, now you know what you don’t want to do.
And he also said the same thing that you did. I didn’t lose my butt off it, I still made a little bit of money, so it wasn’t like it was a catastrophic loss. But then the next property I did was actually a house hack because I bought a primary residence before I even started flipping, and I didn’t even know what the VA loan was, so I put like 20% down, did the whole shebang. And after doing more real estate investing, I kind of realized, wow, I have a loan that allows me to buy a house with zero down. So I ended up buying a rental property. Technically I lived in one side and then I renovated the other side and I made it into a midterm rental.

Speaker 3:
Cool.

Tim:
So that one was doing pretty well. So it made about $800 a month while I was living there. And that’s when I was like, oh my gosh, real estate’s kind of cool. And I think I’m going to try to double down on it.

Dave:
I want to go back to something you said about it not getting easier. True. There’s still going to be so many challenges, but I think your tolerance for it just goes up. You’ve seen and you’ve seen some of the bad stuff that can happen in the industry and you still were okay. You learn that the worst case scenario, usually if you are smart about it, you can mitigate really bad losses and are able to at least learn a lot, at least come out close to even and live to see another day and go on to another deal. And it’s great that you did that. How’d you find that house hack?

Tim:
Yeah, so actually I love the stress, the power of what? Networking. The first realtor that I used when I bought my first primary residence was actually the realtor that I used for my next three deals. So the house hack, she actually found this property because I actually texted her, I was like, Hey, I think I’m ready to move out of my house. And it’s been about a year since I lived there. I think I want to do a house hack with my VA loan. And she actually found me a deal and we did a bunch of negotiations on it. And on the rookie podcast I did talk about how I ended up getting paid like $200 to buy the house because with the zero money down, we actually negotiated some sellers concessions. So when all the math broke out, the title company was like, Hey, we’re going to cut you a $230 check, which was absolutely insane. So it’s

Dave:
Pretty hard to say no to that. Had never really known anyone who had done that. And I think I’ve heard two or three times in the last couple of weeks people who have gotten cut checks. But that is incredible. I mean, at that point I would never tell people not to underwrite a deal, but it’s like how could you possibly say no to a deal where someone is writing you a check to buy a house?

Tim:
Yeah. It’s actually kind of mind blowing. You expect to wire out money to close a deal, and the escrow agent’s like, here’s a check for 200 bucks. And you’re like, oh, that’s awesome. Right?

Dave:
Yeah, it is awesome. But you’ve also earned it by being active due to military and serving your country, you’ve earned that which you deserve. Absolutely. But it’s cool that you were able to put those things together.

Tim:
Absolutely.

Dave:
So you lived in that, and it sounds like you just went crazy from there. You did eight deals in one year. What happened after the house hack

Tim:
Then I started to really take it more seriously and I did all the bootcamps, all the mentorships to learn different skills and tool sets. And what really caught my eye was trying to negotiate with the seller directly to do something with terms.
So a lot of the ways that I started buying properties in that first year was I would buy it on creative finance and then I would actually sell it on a lease option. So if I would negotiate a down payment with the seller, they’d say, Hey, I want a $10,000 down payment. I would then do a lease option where I would rent the property out, but also give an option deposit. So someone would have the option to buy it three to five years, and I wouldn’t get the total entry fee all the time, but the math was three to 5,000 out of my pocket to buy a rental property. That cashflow at about four or 500 a month and doing that strategy kind of stacked up my portfolio for the single family side. And I just kept doing it over and over again. And then eventually I was like, wow, I have a decent sized portfolio, and I didn’t really spend that much money out of my pocket.

Dave:
Yeah, that’s super impressive. I’m curious if you have any advice for people. We always hear these ideas of direct to seller or doing postcards or mailers or whatever. I’ve only done it once and it seems very hard to me. So how did you pull this off as a relative newbie to investing?

Tim:
Yeah, if you’re first starting out, I don’t recommend people doing the direct mail or paying for leads because it gets super expensive.

Dave:
You have to just do a ton of volume, so you’re fronting all that money.

Tim:
Exactly. And then if you’re not doing something active with it, if you’re not flipping the house, you’re not selling it on a wholesale deal, you’re just eating a lot of costs to try to buy a deal, right?

Dave:
Yeah. The time value of money on that is not a very good return. You’re going to wait a long time to recoup that cash, and then you’re going to have to probably come out of pocket to buy the deal too. So yeah, it can be tough

Tim:
A hundred percent. So what I was doing in the very beginning was I was actually creeping on Facebook marketplace and I would work, and then I would get home around five, 6:00 PM and I would message 30 40 people on Facebook marketplace who were selling their properties. And I would ask them, Hey, I’m an investor and I would love to just hop on the phone with you. And I got a ton of nos and a ton of screaming at my face. Oh, I bet. Eventually I had that one person that I was actually interested in selling their property to me on creative finance. And I remember the first time I booked a call with somebody that was interested and he’s like, I got an offer from somebody else, and they kind of ghosted me. And it was another wholesaler that was dealing with that guy, and I said, ultimately, what’s that price that’s going to push you forward? And he said, 150,000. Now this house was a dump, it needed some work in there. And I said, I can’t give you 150 right now because it just doesn’t make sense, but would you allow me to give you one 50 over a course of a set amount of years if I paid you every single month? And he literally just said, if the contract’s right. Huh, amazing. And I just felt like my heart just sinks. And I’m like, I don’t know what to do

Dave:
Next. Yeah. I was like, I don’t know what to do next. I’ll make the contract. If you’re agreeing to let me do this, I will figure out the

Tim:
Contract. Yes. It was crazy. So I called this title company in my city that is known to do seller finance deals, and the house was fully paid off. And then what we did was we did a seller finance. We had a three year note on it, and it was like $250 payments was 0% interest.

Dave:
And then there was a balloon at the end.

Tim:
There was a three year balloon at the end, and it was in a really nice part of town in Louisville. So with the one 50 purchase price, with the amount of renovations, I think the A RV when we got it reappraised to do a cash out refinance was it was like 2 55. Oh, wow. Amazing. So we ended up pulling the cash out and paying them back, and yeah, it was pretty crazy. It’s probably one of my best deals that I’ve ever got, actually.

Dave:
So that was your third deal. You did the flip, you did the house hack, and then this was your first direct to seller purchase, and it sounds like it was a home run.

Tim:
I do want to say I’m very lucky. Not every person gets a deal like that right off their first direct to seller, but also it did take me about six months of calling sellers every single day.

Speaker 3:
Totally.

Tim:
So it’s a big grind at first, but obviously as you start accumulating new skills to negotiate and have conversations with sellers, it does get easier. And then ultimately you start getting money to pay for certain marketing to help you out.

Dave:
I mean, you’re being humble saying that you’re lucky, but I mean, there is always an element of luck in these types of things, but you obviously put yourself in a really good position to get lucky by throwing yourself out there, getting yelled at, getting all those nos. It definitely takes a certain type of personality and a lot of perseverance and grit to work this type of strategy. So congratulations on finding such a good deal on your first one.

Tim:
Thank you.

Dave:
After your first deal, I was wondering what kept you going, but now after this deal, I can understand why you kept growing so aggressively. I want to hear about how you kept building your portfolio, but first we got to take a quick break. We’re back with Tim Yu talking about how he went from a tough first deal to a home run on his third deal. And it sounds like Tim, you’ve been scaling a ton since then. So how did you move forward after that first direct to seller deal went so well for you?

Tim:
So I’m a pretty simple guy. I just kept doing a lot of the same thing, but eventually the Facebook marketplace stuff obviously started to dry up. So we started doing county records. So I would go to my county website and see all the different foreclosure deals. And actually a bulk of my single family deals came from the foreclosure list and being able to reach the seller and end up negotiating, try to figure out a win-win situation. But I know a lot of investors do the same thing, and they do a lot of cold calling. And from my experience of talking to sellers or trying to reach them, a lot of people going through a foreclosure don’t really like to pick up their phone, and I didn’t have time to do the door knocking thing. So what I started to do was I would just write handwritten letters and I would drive by the property and just leave it on their doorstep. And having that handwritten letter I think really helped because who doesn’t want to open a letter that’s handwritten, that’s written to you?

Dave:
Oh, I love it. They trick me every time. Even those fake ones that has a machine write them, I still open them.

Tim:
Yeah, exactly. And the biggest thing is I never said that I wanted to buy their house. Interesting. I always said, do you need any help with your situation? I would love to have a conversation with you if you want to keep the house or not. That’s when I would get phone calls or text messages, whatever, and then I would have a conversation and see if me buying the house actually helped them or not. And obviously those are really great opportunities for owner financing or some sort of low cash offer.

Dave:
I’m just curious, what year was this when you were doing this?

Tim:
This was in the middle of 2023 going into 2024.

Dave:
So just out of curiosity, if you were to just go look for on-market deals in 2023, rates were high in Louisville, were there deals that were attractive to you or was this the only way you could find things that made sense?

Tim:
I know there’s some success in on-market stuff, but if I were to go conventional financing, I don’t remember what the rates were back then, but

Dave:
High, they were high,

Tim:
They were getting up to like six, 7%.

Dave:
Oh at least.

Tim:
And no deals really worked with conventional financing. And every time we would try to reach out to an agent, we get the typical owner financing seller financ to scam.
And I just didn’t really want to deal with that anymore. And so I just kind of pivoted to sellers. And I think my personality type too is I enjoy talking to people on the phone. This type of investment strategy probably wouldn’t work for people that don’t like to talk to people. This is a absolute grind speaking to different sellers. And also just hearing a lot of pain too, because the sellers that do kind of agree to this, most of the time, they’re not in the best situation. So you need to be a little empathetic and try to understand where they’re coming from. And I think ultimately that’s what really helped me secure some deals, having that value driven approach first.

Dave:
That’s very cool. Yeah, I really respect that approach. I’m curious, Tim, did you have experience with cold calling or any sort of customer service focused business before?

Tim:
No. You should have heard my first 60 calls.

Dave:
Oh man, I wish we could play it

Tim:
Stuttering, Tim. And I remember when people would pick up the phone, my heart would be racing out of my chest. Oh, I’d be like, Hey, Mr. Seller, do you want to sell your house? And they’d be like, no. Right. And I’m not going to say any bad words, but it was just a lot of profanity.

Dave:
Oh, I bet.

Tim:
Never call me again type thing.

Dave:
I’ve done a little bit of cold calling and I know that feeling where you’re desperate for anyone to pick up, but then the second they pick up, you’re like, oh no, what do I do now? You’re almost like, I wish they did pick up because then I don’t face the rejection.

Tim:
You just got to keep going. But I think that’s the big thing with how I first started was reaching out to for sale by owners on Zillow and also Facebook because they were already trying to sell versus you pulling a list off a data software and just blindly calling somebody for hours on end. At least they were expecting people to call them. So even though I got destroyed on the phone, it was more of like, Hey, I saw that you’re trying to sell it and are you still taking offers? And then the conversation goes from there.

Dave:
Oh, that’s a good point. That’s a good entry level way to get into these conversations.

Tim:
And you have your scripts that you start creating. And I always made up a little white lie and said, Hey, me and my wife are investors. We have a house around the corner and we’re looking for our next one. Are you still taking offers? And then the answer is usually yes. And then now you can kind of proceed with the process with them.

Dave:
Are you married?

Tim:
I am. Okay. Okay. I always didn’t know if that was the white lie. Yeah, no, no, no. The white lie was like, Hey, I have a house around the corner.

Dave:
Yeah, around the corner.

Tim:
Yeah. Yeah.

Dave:
This was still in Louisville, right though you’re still in your market, your local market.

Tim:
Yep. I did not leave the market until July, 2024, and then I ended up buying some houses in Iowa City out in Iowa. So that was the first time I really left the state of Kentucky.

Dave:
Interesting. Okay. I want to hear about that. But before we do, I just want to ask, when you’re making these phone calls and reaching out to people, did you have a buy box that you were looking for or were you just looking for any deal and then you kind of figure out what to do with it if you were able to p someone’s interest?

Tim:
Yeah, for me, it was just single family properties, 60 days on market. And no house is older than 1950s. And the reason why I had the 1950s thing was my first flip, the house was like a hundred years old, so I had a lot of nightmares with everything regarding the plumbing, the foundation, all that stuff, even electrical.

Dave:
Oh yeah.

Tim:
And then as I got more advanced, I started looking for two bedroom one baths with enough square footage because I did flip a few houses in between. And I always looked for value add opportunities. So really focusing on if I can turn a house into a three bedroom or just adding another bathroom, and that was my big criteria.

Dave:
And were you mostly looking to buy and hold or did you flip or wholesale any of these?

Tim:
It was primarily a buy and hold portfolio strategy. And then the secondary would be a fix and flip if I got a cash deal. So if creative finance couldn’t work, I would pivot into a cash offer and then I would end up trying to flip it myself. I didn’t really start wholesaling until the end of 2024 and this year, so most of my stuff was just trying to buy it myself.

Dave:
That’s awesome. And so how many did you wind up doing in Kentucky before you moved to Iowa City?

Tim:
Yeah, so in Kentucky I had nine properties and I think it was 12 doors or something like that. Some were duplexes.

Dave:
Awesome.

Tim:
And then in Iowa, we ended up buying a six property portfolio from a seller, so that really upped the numbers. And then we had some fix and flips in Kentucky that we actually just sold a couple months ago.

Dave:
Amazing.

Tim:
Yeah, so it’s been a crazy ride in the last couple years and just a few grays that got added to the top of my head, but we’re still here. Oh,

Dave:
Nice. Well that’s great. So tell me about the decision to change markets first. When you started in Louisville, did you know that it was a good market or was it just sort of like you wanted to be in real estate and that’s where you were, so you were going to make it work some way locally?

Tim:
Obviously New York is very expensive, and when I moved to Kentucky and I saw houses were like a hundred grand or 120 grand, I was like, whoa, this is crazy. The same house that I’m looking at would be half a million at home.
And then with that in the combination of really wanting to get into real estate, because I think after 2020 there was so much content about real estate and everybody was starting to talk about it, and I kind of started to get fomo. So I was like, you know what? I got to do something now or else I feel like I’m never going to do it. And I don’t know if a lot of guests that you’ve had had the same experiences I’ve had, but when I first started looking at buying my first property, I had a ton of people telling me not to do it. It was in the beginning of 2022 when interest rates were still in the three 4% range, but prices were going up and everyone told me the market’s going to crash any day now, and I’m glad I did not listen to my parents. I’m glad I didn’t listen to a lot of people and just ultimately tried it. So

Dave:
Yeah, it’s hard when people are telling you not to do it. I started in 2010, people are always like, oh, it was amazing how lucky. It’s like everyone thought that real estate was over forever at that point. And regardless of what market you invest into, there’s going to be a challenge, whether it’s getting credit or expensive homes or lower cashflow, there’s just always things that you’re going to have to navigate. And like you said, once you get into it, you’ll learn how to make money off of the deals in the current market. Clearly there are ways to make it work in pretty much any market conditions. Tim, I want to get into what changed and why you started investing in Iowa, but first we have to take a quick break back with investor Tim Yu on the BiggerPockets podcast. Why’d you move to Iowa City? What changed?

Tim:
So Iowa was really interesting for us because one of my cousins, he lives out in Iowa and he bought a house out there and he kind of saw me on Instagram and was like, oh, I didn’t know you did real estate. I think you should look into my backyard. So at this time, I have a partner now, so it’s been a couple years and my partner is more of the underwriter, so he’s a stronger with the numbers and stuff. And after looking into Iowa, we love the Midwest. A lot of people will say Louisville, Kentucky does not count as the Midwest, but I do personally.
And Iowa is truly Midwest. We picked Iowa City specifically because it’s got a lot of life there. It’s got tons of travel nurses there, and it’s got the big university, actually the six properties we bought is a five minute drive from the campus, so it’s in a really nice neighborhood. The seller was resolving his portfolio and we ended up getting that deal from a broker connection. So we negotiated with the seller directly and paid the broker a fee. That deal was really complicated. It took us three months to close, but we ended up closing it in July of 2024.

Dave:
Nice. Okay. And so is your cousin helping you out or did you hire property managers?

Tim:
No, we hired a property manager out there and we actually had a bad experience with our first one, so we ended up having to pivot to another one, which is really tough. We never really experienced that before, and we had to eat a couple months of loss as we were trying to turn units over, but we finally got the assets stable alive, so we kind of feel good about it now. So

Dave:
I mean that is one of the challenges of going in a new market. One of the biggest challenges is building out that team. So can you share with us maybe something you learned or anything that you think might help our audience avoid some of the challenges you faced in finding a property manager in a new market?

Tim:
Yeah, I think you guys really have to interview quite a few. And for us, there were a lot of property management companies that managed thousands of doors. And the first one we used was a very big one, very, very big. It’s got tons of units. And what we’ve learned was they may be reputable, but you’re not their number one customer

Dave:
A hundred percent,

Tim:
Especially if you only have six doors in their portfolio, they don’t care about you. It takes ’em a week to respond to our emails, and it was just a mess. So we ended up taking a chance with a smaller property management company that only managed the a hundred properties at the time. And the level of care and motivation to take care of us was really huge for us. And that property management company that’s working with us, if we grow our portfolio, that property management will get our business forever.

Dave:
That’s right.

Tim:
But yes, have a really good screening process for your property management company and kind of see if their visions align with what you’re trying to do. For us was just to be honest with us, we know you guys got to make money as well. Just be transparent with what your fees are, how long it’s going to take to get back to us. Sometimes we were just waiting for a week and a half to see if a unit got rented out. It’s

Dave:
Crazy. Yeah, I’ve had almost the same exact experience, and I don’t even blame the bigger property manager. That’s just what anyone would do. If you had a business and you managed a thousand units and one of your clients had 500 of those units, you would pick up their phone call first. Everyone would do

Speaker 3:
That.

Dave:
And it’s just so much of this business, we talk about it a lot on the show, is about incentive alignment and finding whether it’s a partner or a tenant or a property manager, finding someone to work with to put on your team who is in the same sort of spot as you and wants the same thing as it can work in other situations, but everything goes so much smoother. If you’re trying to grow together, like Tim said, a place with a hundred units, they’re going to be stoked every time you add a duplex, that’s going to be a big boost to their business and they’re going to want to show you that they can scale with you so that when you buy that third or your fourth or your fifth property, that you could grow together. And I’ve unfortunately had to fire some property managers too. And again, most of ’em are good people. It’s just like they’re just not the right person for my portfolio at that time. And so I think Tim is absolutely right. You need to not just find someone who’s reputable, but find someone who really is going to provide the level of service that you’re looking for at your stage of your portfolio. Now, Tim, what are you doing? Are you looking for deals in both places in Louisville and Iowa City?

Tim:
Yeah, actually I’m not buying any more properties in Kentucky, and we’ve kind of slowed down single family as a whole. We kind of feel like the market is still pretty tight in terms of rentals. And for me personally, I started buying rental properties on the pursuit of financial freedom. And when I started to realize was having a property that cashflow is 400 a month, really wasn’t changing my life.
It’s really nice and it’s really good to build wealth, but my strategy was like, Hey, let’s focus on properties that generate more cashflow per month and also provide a service. Because having single families and having people rented is great, but it really wasn’t fulfilling for me. So what we’re looking to do now is we’re actually trying to do the co-living model with assisted livings, so people that are older. So we’re actually looking for our first one right now in Tampa, and there’s some intricacies to that dealing with the fire marshals and the licensing and all that stuff. But we’re kind of shifting towards the co-living model because we can find these properties on the market that’s been sitting there for a while, and we can even purchase conventionally with the today’s rates, today’s financing, and still be able to cashflow $3,000 a month. And that’s being kind of conservative too.

Dave:
Tim, I’m curious, because you’ve only been doing this for what, three years-ish now, which is a good, I mean, you’ve done a lot in three years, don’t get me wrong, but you’ve done a lot of different stuff. You’ve flipped, you’ve done a lot of creative finance, you’ve done direct to seller, you’ve done buy and hold, now you’re moving to assisted living. Is this just kind of your personality that you like to try different things, or is it kind of market driven where you’re just like weren’t seeing the returns that you wanted or why take on so many different things? I guess?

Tim:
I think it is kind of like part personality that I’m going to try it at least one time. A guy I don’t like flipping, so I don’t flip anymore. You learned

Speaker 3:
That. There

Tim:
You go. I learned that, right? And you try it a couple times. The first one didn’t go well, second one didn’t really go well. So I think flipping’s really stressful for me, and some people love it. Some people are super good at flipping. But for me, the second part is market driven.

Speaker 3:
I

Tim:
Think that how the markets that I look at now, it’s super hard to find a deal that just makes sense.
And as you grow as a business or grow as an investor, I don’t have time to call sellers twenty four seven anymore. I used to. So my marketing has changed drastically. So I have to target certain lists, certain people, and try to maximize my time because I still do work nine to five every day. So it’s been really hard to do the same lead generation that I was when I first started. But yeah, I think it is a fusion between the two. I do like to try everything at least once, and if it doesn’t work, then hey, we can mark it off the bingo card and kind of move on.

Dave:
Yeah. Well, that makes sense earlier in your career, I think. I mean, it can make sense at any time, but I do think that that’s a very good explanation. There’s so many different things that you could do in real estate. You kind of have to try at least value add, try different marketing strategies, see what works for you, what fits and what’s going to be sustainable on that line of thinking. Tim, my last question for you here is what’s next? You’ve said that you got into it for financial freedom, but you’re not super excited by rental property. So when you look five or 10 years down the road, what do you envision and what do you want your portfolio to look like?

Tim:
Yeah, it’s funny that question because when I was asked this a year ago on the rookie show, it’s changed drastically, right? I think when I was first talking about, I was like, well, I want to get into multifamily, and after dealing with so much real estate and talking to different investors, having a hundred door unit thing didn’t really excite me. Raising tons of capital or doing syndications didn’t really excite me. So what I really want to focus on is trying to find an asset that provides housing to a certain population or demographic. I think in the next five years, definitely want to do assisted livings, but since I’m a veteran, I do want to move towards more co-living properties that actually end up supporting veterans because a ton of displaced veterans out there that need housing and need a sort of community. So I think that’s what I want to envision in the next five years is focus on that.

Dave:
Good for you, Tim. I really think that, of course, most people get into real estate investing to improve their own financial position, but this service that you’re able to provide to your community and being a good provider of housing and residences is I think extremely fulfilling. And I love hearing you say that and that you have your own personal mission, whether it’s elderly folks or serving the veteran community. It’s such a big benefit to real estate investing, and at least for me, and I’m sure for you, it provides motivation when things do get tough and you’re remembering, yeah, you’re in it to grow a successful business, but there are other people who are benefiting from your work as well. Well, Tim, thank you so much for joining us today. Super cool story, really inspiring to hear everything that you’ve been up to. Hopefully we’ll have you back on the show again in a year or two to hear what you’re up to.

Tim:
Yeah, I’d love that. I appreciate the time and thanks for bringing me back on the show,

Dave:
And thank you all so much for listening to this episode. As a reminder, if you want a chance to be on this show, just like Tim, as one of our guests, you can apply at biggerpockets.com/guest. There’s a form that you fill out there. Tell us a little bit about your story and we’ll consider you for a spot on the podcast. Thanks again for listening. We’ll see you next time.

 

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Mortgage rates are now at their lowest point in months, giving homebuyers and real estate investors some much-needed relief. But it isn’t all good news. With lower mortgage rates comes more market volatility, a weaker job market, recession risks, and new inflation fears. A lot is impacting the housing market, and in a time when nothing seems to make sense, Dave is breaking down the logic behind why mortgage rates are falling even as the Fed pauses.

First, let’s talk about the good news: mortgage rates dropping half a percentage point from their three-month high to hit a new 2025 low. This is great news for buying real estate but may signal a bigger, more substantial economic shift. The bad news? Americans are growing fearful of the economy. A recession seems like it’s still in the cards, unemployment is rising, high-paying jobs are getting terminated left and right, and everything costs more.

With all that taken into account, what should YOU, a real estate investor, do right now to ensure you still build wealth regardless of which direction the market moves? Should you lock down a mortgage rate now or wait for even greater interest rate relief? Stick around; Dave is giving a full analysis of today’s economic state.

Click here to listen on Apple Podcasts.

Listen to the Podcast Here

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Dave:
There is so much happening right now in just the last couple of weeks. There’s just been a huge amount of important housing, economic and investor news coming out, and this is all stuff that you should be paying attention to, but I know realistically that not everyone has time to dig into the data and track all the important news. So I’m going to do it for you. In today’s episode, I’ll give you a rundown of the most important investor updates and help you make sense of what it means for you. Hey everyone, it’s Dave head of Real Estate Investing at BiggerPockets and welcome to On the Market. In just the last couple of weeks, we’ve seen a lot happen in the economic world. Mortgage rates have somewhat mercifully moved down to their three month lows. We’ve seen big shifts in consumer sentiment. We’ve seen tariffs announced federal job cuts and a lot more, and although realistically not all of this is directly tied to housing or real estate investing, obviously mortgages are, but some of those other ones are one or two steps removed.
But even so all this plays a really important role in the general investment landscape. So I’m going to use today’s episode to catch everyone up on what’s going on and we’re going to start with the big mortgage news, probably what everyone wants to hear first. The headline here is somewhat exciting that mortgage rates are down to a three month low. Now, I expect that a lot of people, if you listen to this show, you follow this stuff pretty closely, but in case you haven’t been paying attention, mortgage rates have been on somewhat of a roller coaster for really the last couple of years, but mostly since September of 2024. They fell for most of the first half of last year on expectations of fed rate cuts, and right before the first of those rate cuts that came in September, we saw mortgage rates almost down to 6%, which was pretty exciting at the time.
But then after that, over the course of the second half of 2025 and into January, mortgage rates just kept going up, but luckily, at least for now, they’ve peaked they were up to seven and a quarter 7.25%, which is pretty significantly higher than it was just back in September at 6%, but that happened back on January 15th and it’s fallen since then to just 6.75. Now of course, that’s still a lot higher than what we were hoping for and where we were in September and October, but this is positive momentum and I think it’s important to sort of break down why the pendulum of mortgage rates keeps swinging back and forth because as you’ve heard, my philosophy about the housing market and investability over the next year and maybe even further and beyond that is really all about affordability. How easily the average American can afford the average price home and mortgage rates are a very key component in that.
So let’s just break down some of the variables that are playing into these mortgage rate changes because all of the macroeconomic news, whether it’s fed rate cuts, consumer confidence, the labor market tariffs and inflation, all those things news that you should be paying attention to. Also things that play into the direction of mortgage rates. So let’s just break them down and figure out what’s going on with each of those variables that I just mentioned and where they might be heading. Before we do that though, let’s just get a little bit of context here. As I’ve said, mortgage rates, they’ve been going up and down for the last couple of months, and although the market reacts to tons of different economic news and data, there’s just this basic sort of battle or trade off that goes on with mortgage rates and it’s roughly between inflation fears and recession fears, and I’ve talked about a bunch on the show, but let just quickly remind everyone what’s going on.
Mortgage rates are not tied to what the Fed does. They’re related, but they’re much more closely correlated to the yield on the 10 year US treasury. That is basically a bond, and there’s all sorts of reasons to this, but you could just Google it. I’m not going to get into all the details, but they move very closely together. So when you want to predict what’s going on with mortgage rates, you really need to understand what’s going on with bonds and bond investors. They’re a very unique sort of group of people, but basically the value of bonds swings based on inflation and recession. Generally speaking, when bond investors in the market are more afraid of inflation, bond yields go up. That’s because they feel that the value of the dollars that they’re going to be earning on those bonds is going to go down in real inflation adjusted terms.
So in order to buy those bonds and lock up their money for years, they need a higher return that drives up yields and it drives up mortgage rates with them. On the other side of this equation or this battle is recession fears when there is generally a fear that the economy might contract, investors want to put their money somewhere safe, and bonds, particularly US treasuries, are largely considered the safest place you can put your money, at least in a broad macroeconomic sense, and that leads to more demand. More demand for bonds pushes up the price of those bonds and prices and yields move inversely so that sends down yields and takes mortgages down with them. I know there’s a lot there, but basically if you want the TLDR of what I just said, when inflation fears are dominating the day, mortgage rates go up when recession fears dominate the day mortgage rates go down, and if you’re wondering, are these two things mutually exclusive, can it be one or the other?
No, there is something called stagflation where you get both inflation and recession, but generally speaking, inflation is seen as an overheated economy that can happen from labor shortages, too much money printing, supply side shocks and recession’s the opposite. It is a cool down market, and so that’s why the market generally swings back and forth based on whether they’re thinking inflation or recession are most likely. So back to our story about what’s going on with mortgage rates. For much of the period between the election and the inauguration, inflation fear was basically winning this battle and there is a good reason for that fear because the inflation data was going up. We measure this a couple ways in the United States, either by the CPI or the PCE, and both of them have gone up over the last couple of months. Now, it’s important to understand and discuss context and scale here because it’s not like they’ve gone up a ton.
They’re still around 3% roughly, so it’s not like we’re back up to the 6, 7, 8, 9% that we saw in 2021 or 2022, but it is notable that it is a reversal of a trend. We were seeing these long term declines since about January of 2023. The changes haven’t been that good. Inflation hasn’t been going down that much, but they’ve been going down little by little. Now they’re going up little by little, so that alone can cause the market to react and can push mortgage rates up. The other thing that’s going on though is probably due to tariffs because as we’ve discussed on the show before, tariffs are generally seen as causing at least one time inflation when imports cost more. Those costs are generally passed on to consumers and there is a one time inflationary effect. Now, if you’ve been paying attention to the news, you know that tariffs are pretty uncertain still.
President Trump had announced and implemented tariffs on Mexico and Canada, then those got paused, but as of now, they’re set to go back into place. On March 4th. A couple of weeks ago, president Trump and his administration implemented 10% tariffs on all goods coming from China and just today, February 27th when I’m recording this, they announced another 10% tariff on goods coming from China. So that’s up to 20%, and this hasn’t yet, at least in my mind, led directly to inflation, but the markets react to inflation expectations, right? They’re not going to wait around for that inflation to hit if they’re fearful of inflation that can send up mortgage rates all by itself. And there is data that shows that the average American does think that inflation’s going to go up. If you look at, there’s something called the conference board. They do all these surveys and they poll for inflation expectations, and they’re showing that the average 12 month inflation expectations went up in February from 5.2% to 6%.
So again, not huge, but it’s enough to move mortgage rates in away that probably most real estate investors don’t want to see. Now, we’re going to talk a little bit more later about what we expect to happen in the future, but I just want to take a minute and say, as we’ve seen what is proposed or announced in terms of tariffs is not actually what always happens. We’ve just seen that Trump has often used tariffs as a negotiating position, and what ultimately happens is still up in the air. But just generally speaking, when it comes to economic news and markets, they’re very spooked by uncertainty. And in my mind, the uncertainty about tariffs alone is probably what had been driving up inflation fears through January. Again, that is what drove up mortgage rates for a while. That’s why they went up to 7.25%. One of the other things that sort of happened during this period was reduced expectations of fed rate cuts back in September.
Remember I was saying that mortgage rates dropped to about 6% back in September At that point, there’s all this data that shows what the markets expect to happen and bond investors and markets were expecting that in 2025, we were going to have four rate cuts of 25 basis points, so they basically would come down a full percentage point in 2025. If you fast forward to January, those expectations had been cut in half down to just two rate cuts over the course of 2025, and that’s probably another reason that bond yields started to move up. But as I said at the beginning of the show, now rates are coming back down. Everything I was just talking about was reasons that rates were going up and they spiked to 7.25% in January, but why are they coming back down now? We’ll get to that right after this break, everyone.
Welcome back to On the Market Today. I am doing my best to catch you all up on the just huge amounts of economic data and news that has been released over the last couple of weeks and help you make sense of it in the context of real estate investing. Before the break, I was talking about how inflationary fears were sort of ruling the day in November, December, January, as a lot of the market was reacting to recent inflation data and uncertainty about the direction of tariffs. What has changed then to drive down mortgage rates from 7.25% to 6.75% in just a couple of weeks, a relatively rapid move. Well, if you go back to sort of that battle between recession fear and inflationary fear that I was talking about before, it seems that the recession fear camp group of people is starting to gain some steam.
Now, that doesn’t necessarily mean that that is the predominant belief in the market, so make sure that you understand that. It just means that the overwhelming consensus that inflation was a big problem is starting to break, and there is some, it could be even seen as optimism that we’re going to have a soft landing or it could be seen as recessionary fears. Basically, there is less fear of inflation right now, and there’s a couple of reasons for that. The biggest news that I markets have reacted to has been consumer confidence surveys, and there’s actually two of them I mentioned before. There’s one that’s done by the conference board. There’s another one done by the University of Michigan, but it actually, if you look at both of them for January and February, the data is not exactly the same. They have different methodologies, but they look pretty similar in terms of trend.
And what it shows is the biggest monthly drop in four years, it had a 4% month over month drop from January to February. You could go look this up if you want to check it out. It’s pretty interesting to look at Consumer Confidence Index or U Michigan survey. But the reason that this matters and the reason that markets are reacting to this is that consumer confidence and consumer behavior really is hugely important to the American GDP. We talk a lot about government spending, about business spending, but the fact of the matter is that 70%, seven 0% of gross domestic product of GDP in this country is from consumer spending. What you, me, your neighbors and your friends spend on money each and every month, and the level of confidence that consumers have in the economy can actually be predictive of how much they’re going to spend in the future.
So if you see these indicators of consumer confidence going down, that could mean that consumer spending, again, the majority of our GDP in this country could go down in the near future. So that has spooked markets generally because a lot of stocks are based on earnings and if retailers or different companies are going to get less revenue, that could hurt the stock market. It could hurt GDP, it could send us into a recession. There’s been a lot of data, but honestly, this data to me is what the market is mostly reacting to. After this news came out, we saw the stock market sell off about 4%, which is very considerable. Well, it was 4% between February 17th, the most recent peak and February 27th when I’m recording this. But that is a pretty significant sell off for the stock market and this all on its own. This stock market sell off can bring down bond yields.
Often when the stock market sells off, people are selling their stocks, but they have this money and they need to put it somewhere, and oftentimes they put it into bonds. Remember when I said earlier that when there are fears of recession or just generally the economy slowing down or there’s fear that there’s a lot of risk of a correction in the stock market, investors will take their money out of the stock market and they’ll try to put it somewhere safer, which for most stock investors, they don’t all invest it in real estate like we do. A lot of them move it to bonds. And again, this drives that dynamic where demand for bonds goes up, which lowers yields, brings down mortgage rates since the two are so closely tied. The other economic news that has sort of soured markets a little bit is the labor market.
And this is hugely important because the Fed looks really closely at the labor market, but obviously so do investors in both bonds and stocks. And what we’re seeing is an uptick in unemployment claims. And there are tons of different ways that you can measure the labor market, and I absolutely admit none of them are perfect, but initial unemployment claims to me is one of the more reliable metrics. It basically measures how many people file for unemployment insurance and benefits for the first time. There’s another metric called continuing claims, which shows how long people stay unemployed for, but this metric just shows how many people were laid off and are filing for unemployment in a given week, and it shot up as of today to 242,000. Now, it’s important to note that in context that is not massive, but it was higher than expectations and is about a 10 to 15% increase over where it’s been over the last couple of weeks, which is a very big jump in one week.
Now, I always want to caution one week does not make a trend. We can’t base investing decisions or anything else based off one week of data, but that’s us as real estate investors. The stock market sure reacts that quickly and so does the bond market. They are very sensitive to this type of news. Personally, I like to wait to see if these trends continue for several weeks or several months, but I’m just trying to explain what’s going on with the bond market and stock market right now. And to me, it’s this combination of declining consumer confidence and an uptick in initial unemployment claims that are leading to that. I should mention too that many of the unemployment claims are coming from pretty high profile and high paying jobs. We of course, are seeing federal layoffs, and that’s contributing to this for sure, but it goes beyond that. It’s also companies like Meta, Starbucks, Microsoft, Salesforce, Chevron, the list goes on. There are a lot of tech focused jobs, high paying jobs that are combining with some of those federal jobs to lead to these declines. So to me, these are the reasons that rates have come down over the last couple of weeks, but what does this mean for real estate investors? Is this going to continue? What does it mean for the future? We’ll get into that right after this break.
Hey everyone. Welcome back to On the Market. We are here talking about economic news and before the break, we had talked about why rates had dropped over the last couple of weeks, and just as a summary, I think it’s because the market is reacting to lower consumer confidence and modest upticks in the initial unemployment claims, and that has driven down mortgage rates, which for real estate investors is somewhat encouraging. So where do we go from here? That is sort of the question, right? I guess this is probably not what people want to hear, but personally my big takeaway is that I just think it’s going to be hard to expect anything other than volatility in the coming months. There’s just too much uncertainty right now, and this I think is generally true across most asset classes. When I think about the stock market, I’m expecting volatility when I look at the bond market and therefore mortgage rates, I am expecting volatility there.
I think even the indicators that dictate these things like consumer confidence are going to be volatile. I think unemployment claims are going to be volatile, and I don’t see a clear path to that volatility ending in the near future. Now, when I say near future, I’m not saying years. I’m saying probably at least the next couple of months because there are a lot of different things leading to this volatility. First and foremost, there’s just a ton of geopolitical instability and tension right now. And again, the markets are very sensitive to these types of things. The other sort of obvious thing is we all don’t know exactly what the shape and size of many of Trump’s economic policies are going to be. President Trump campaigned on a lot of big different economic policies implementing them, and he’s starting to put those into place, but many of those are still largely undefined.
Just for example, we are still waiting to hear the exact extent and details of a very big tax cut plan. There were some preliminary stuff that passed the house, but we don’t know exactly what the final bill is going to be and the outcome of that bill has huge implications for the economy. So that’s just one example, but until we know what that looks like, it’s going to be hard for this volatility to subside. We also don’t yet know about tariffs because we’ve seen the pendulum swing back and forth there. Trump is known to have used tariffs and is probably continuing to use tariffs as a negotiating position. So the final amount, the final scope of tariffs are uncertain, and I think the markets are going to be very sensitive to changes and news about terrorists for the foreseeable future until that news and uncertainty starts to come down.
That is also true for federal spending cuts that we’re seeing from the Department of Government efficiency or Doge. We might hear the government introduced new spending priorities, we just don’t know. And until we know more, it’s going to be volatile. And as an investor that’s pretty tough because volatility and uncertainty make it harder to make sound investing decisions, but I think there are still absolutely ways to move forward as a real estate investor. And here are a couple of things that I would recommend. First and foremost, if you are looking to buy lock-in rates when you can, because we just don’t know if rates are going to go much lower, I think it’s going to be very difficult to time the market. There is not enough reliable momentum in any one direction. And if it were me and I were looking for a mortgage right now, I would try and lock in rates like today.
They could go back up. Sure, they could go back down, but to me getting a rate lock in at 6, 7, 5 right now before they potentially go back up would be worth it. So that’s one thing you should consider. The other sort of bigger, more existential question for real estate investors is does all this uncertainty and volatility make it a bad time to buy? Well, generally speaking, I think my forecast for 2025, the things that I’ve been talking about over the last couple months is still mostly true. I think it’s holding. I’m not really changing what my expectations are for the year. And just as a reminder, my expectations were mostly flatness. I think housing prices might go up a little bit in nominal non inflation adjusted terms. When we look at real housing costs when we compare them to inflation, I think they might decline just a little bit.
Not talking about a crash, I’m talking when we talk about inflation adjusted maybe one, two, potentially 3% decline. So nothing crazy. I would generally characterize the majority of housing markets to be close to flat 4, 20, 25, and I think rents are going to be mostly the same. Rents on single family homes are up a little bit, but I think they’re going to remain soft. So overall, it’s not really the most exciting market, but there is some good stuff happening for investors. Inventory is rising, and I think that’s generally good news because it is shifting the market from what has been a very solid, consistent seller’s market to one where buyers have more negotiating power. And I want to be clear, I’m not saying go out and buy just anything. There’s going to be a lot of bad deals on the market. There’s going to be a lot of junk, but there will still be good deals because we’ll probably see some more motivated sellers.
And for that reason, I am still looking at deals all the time. I’ve made a few offers this year. Nothing has penciled just yet, but I am still looking. If you’ve listened to the BiggerPockets podcast, I talk about this a lot, but I’m just trying to focus on long-term value rather than what’s going to happen in the market in coming months because that is obviously unknowable and I just said there’s a lot of volatility. So I’m looking for deals that I feel confident no matter what happens this year, no matter what happens next year, that’s going to be a good appreciating asset that produces cashflow two years from now, three years from now, 10 years from now, I still think those deals are available, and I actually think over the course of 2025, those deals are going to become more available. And I know that requires a little bit more guts and a little bit more risk tolerance, but it is these types of markets, generally speaking, that produce really good returns for people.
So I recommend continuing to study your market, continuing to be a diligent investor to negotiate and to look at deals because I think there are going to be good solid returns to be found this year. You just have to be persistent about it. That’s my take on the situation, but obviously things are changing really, really rapidly. Let me know if you like this type of show, because if you do, we can make more of these types of update shows to help you stay on top of really breaking news macroeconomic summaries. I’m happy to keep making these. Let me know either on Instagram, where I’m at, the data daily or on BiggerPockets if this is helpful, or if you’re watching on YouTube, just drop it in the comments. That’s our update for today. Thanks for listening.

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In This Episode We Cover

  • A new 2025 mortgage rate LOW as rates drop below the 7% threshold
  • Why Americans are pinching pennies and fearing for the economy
  • Is a recession still possible, or are we close enough to a “soft landing”?
  • How tariffs, inflation, and job losses (NOT the Fed) are moving mortgage rates
  • What investors should do NOW if they’re under contract (or will be) for their next property
  • And So Much More!

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These two college teammates built a sizable real estate portfolio in just three years by using what they call the “delayed BRRRR strategy.” They’ve used this specific real estate investing tactic (and the regular BRRRR strategy) to turn one duplex into more than a dozen rental properties for their portfolio. They didn’t start with a ton of money and only got into investing together in 2021 when housing competition was high, and rates were soon to rise sharply. So, how does their strategy work, and how can YOU use it to buy more rental properties?

In this episode, these innovative investors, Joe Escamilla and Sam Farman, talk about why it’s CRUCIAL to have great real estate investing partners and how choosing the right one can be the rocket fuel you need to build a financial freedom-enabling rental property portfolio. They share the new “BRRRR” strategy (buy, rehab, rent, refinance, repeat) they’re using to get steady real estate cash flow AND boost their equity at the same time.

We’ll also talk about raising private capital and creating your own real estate syndication so you can buy more real estate using other people’s money and pass along the returns to your investors. Joe and Sam have built a real estate portfolio most investors can only dream of achieving, and they did it all in only three years, during high rates, and while working full-time jobs. Stick around to hear how you can do it, too!

Ashley:
Welcome to the Real Estate Rookie podcast. I’m Ashley Kehr, and if you’ve been listening recently, you know that we’ve had an addition to the BiggerPockets family. Tony and his wife just welcomed a baby girl into the world. So to give Tony some extra time with his family, we’re bringing you an episode from the BiggerPockets Real Estate Podcast. In this episode, we’ll hear from Joe and Sam and how they’ve used a new BR strategy to scale their portfolio even during this high interest rate time. And we’re going to go over how they’ve been able to leverage their partnership as a superpower in building the real estate business.

Dave:
Sam and Joe, welcome to the BiggerPockets podcast. Thanks for joining us today.

Sam:
Thank you so much for having us. It’s an honor we’re both longtime listeners and we’re so excited to chat with you today. Thank you, Dave.

Dave:
Well, great. I’m eager to hear your story and hopefully how BiggerPockets has helped that if you’ve been a long time listener. So Sam, maybe you could just give us a little background. You and Joe are both joining us today. How did you guys first meet and get into real estate?

Sam:
Joe and I met in college playing college soccer together, and we’ve been friends for a very long time, even long before we were business partners, we actually interned together at the mortgage company that Joe still currently works at today. Upon graduating college, Joe’s one year older than I am, we were both looking into ways to generate passive income and Joe working for the mortgage company did have his hand in real estate, and I was working for a property management company at the time, so I had my hand in real estate as well, and we actually stumbled on BiggerPockets and started listening to every podcast you guys put out reading every book. I mean, I’m looking at my bookshelf above my head with all your guys’ books from A to Z,

Dave:
You guys go to Hobart and William Smith, you’re playing soccer together. And then Joe, it sounds like you graduated a year earlier. It sounds like you moved home to Long Island, is that right?

Joe:
I moved back home. I immediately became licensed as a loan officer and was doing that and still doing that to this day. And Sam, obviously I stayed in contact with him. He was in his senior year, and we just kept bouncing ideas off each other like this real estate thing. We keep hearing about it, we know that it’s possible for us to become financially free, how do we get into it? How do we partner up together? And we’re kind of just trying to figure out how we can get our foot in the door and how we could do it together.

Dave:
Why did you become a loan officer?

Joe:
I kind of fell into it where I met an alumni from my school, which highly recommend trying to get a mentor and somebody that can teach you the ways of real estate and kind of teach you the ways of whatever industry you want to get into. I interned with them for a couple of years. I realized that it was something that I liked doing. I liked speaking to people, I helping people along the home purchasing process and refinancing and things like that. So I actually got licensed before I went back for my senior year

Dave:
Because

Joe:
I knew that’s what I wanted to do, and I knew that once I graduated from school, I didn’t wanted to study for anything ever again. So I was like, let me study for this, let me pass it, and then before I go back for my senior year, then I’ll be ready to go.

Dave:
Man, you were way more responsible before your senior year of college than I was, is not what I was thinking about. Okay. And Joe, what year was this?

Joe:
This was 2017 when I originally got licensed. Then I graduated 2018.

Dave:
Let’s talk about deals. When you guys partnered up form this partnership, what was the goal you were trying to achieve? What kind of portfolio were you envisioning?

Joe:
So we kind of set our sights on let’s do a long-term rental. Let’s buy a property, fix it up, get some tenants in there. Before we actually did our first deal together, I did a primary residence live and flip, and Sam did his own rental property, single family investment before we did our first deal together, which was a duplex.

Dave:
Oh, cool. And so just so I have the timeline straight, we both do sort of a residential move and then what was the first deal you did together as partners?

Sam:
So the first deal we did was a purchase in Scranton, Pennsylvania where we still invest today. We did a duplex burr where Joe, myself and Joe’s fiance actually drove down and did some of the work ourselves, partially to save costs of course, and partially for fun. And we renovated the kitchens on both sides of the duplex, had a contractor redo flooring, did some really nice epoxy countertops that we had. We found a DIY kit to do.

Dave:
Oh, nice.

Sam:
And we actually did a really nice job. There’s some great before and after photos that we have of that duplex that we renovated and that we were able to actually rent it out for at the time, top rent for a three bed, one bath on each side and start generating some decent cashflow. And of course that was in April of 2021. We were working with a pretty solid interest rate at the time, and that’s when, of course the real estate market was really heating up.

Dave:
Well, first of all, why Scranton? Because neither of you lived there, you didn’t go to school there. What attracted you to the area?

Joe:
Yeah, so I think Sam was the one that originally found the Scranton area. The reason we landed there was because we both lived in very expensive areas. The whole New York tri-state area, even Connecticut and New Jersey is just so expensive and the taxes are very high. Not to say that you can’t make money in that market, but it might be a little bit tougher or you might need more capital to put a 20% down or a 25% down payment if you can’t go a low down payment option. So we thought to ourselves, if we can go into a market that is not too far from us, where if there’s an emergency we can drive out there and be there in three hours, and also saving up that 20, 25% down payment that a lot of investor loans require, then we could do more deals at a faster rate.
Whereas in New York, if we wanted to save up 25% of a six, seven, $800,000 house, it’s going to take much longer obviously than this duplex that we bought at, I think it was like one 20 or one 40 range. That was the first part of looking for just a new market that we can make our money go faster, the velocity of our money, turn it over quicker. Then from there, as we found that area, we realized that it had a strong price to rent ratio where the ratio of the rents that you can get on a property is relatively high compared to the actual price of the property. So that ended up allowing us to find more properties that cash flowed.

Dave:
Right, and I mean that all makes a lot of sense. I think finding markets that just work for your lifestyle is the number one thing. Most people don’t just look at the entire United States and say, I’m just going to throw a dart or just pick the most optimized place. But you had clear criteria about what supported your lifestyle, what supported your strategy, and went out and found it. All right. It’s time for a break. We’ll be back with more of this week’s investor story in a few moments. During this time, Joe 2021, obviously the market was heating up, but it was also super competitive. So was it hard to find deals because at least in a lot of the markets I operate in or that I was studying, you were making these offers sight unseen, you were waving contingencies. Is that what it was like in Scranton?

Joe:
Yeah, we really had to kind of be patient because it was so competitive. I think we made offers on five or six properties before we closed on our first one, and we were getting into bidding wars with other investors, other buyers that were looking at the same properties we were. So we kind of had to be a little bit creative and we didn’t waive inspections just because again, we were newer investors and we knew that you know what, we’re not handy enough. We’re not contractors, we’re not going to completely waive an inspection, but we’ll do it for informational purposes only, for example. So let us get an inspection. We will not nickel and dime you over every little thing, but we just want to make sure that what we’re buying is not a lemon. It’s not something that’s going to crumble on us in the first couple of years.

Dave:
Yeah, that’s a good tip. I’ve done that even still since the pandemic. If you want to be competitive in an offer doing, I call it like a yes no inspection where it’s just like you get the option to bail out or you buy the property as is, and sellers usually typically really like that kind of thing and will allow you to stand out even if you’re price point is similar or even less than some of the other offers. So that’s a great tip. So this deal, it sounds like it went really well. Can I just ask, Sam, what’d you buy it for and do you still own it or what’s the deal with it right now?

Sam:
So if I remember correctly, we purchased it for 127,500.

Dave:
That’s very specific. I think you remember.

Sam:
Yeah, if I remember correctly. I need remembers exactly. I can’t remember. Anyway, and from there we put about 30 K into it and we refinanced at 180 8. I think from there we held it for about two years. It was cash flowing after that refinance. We did a very nice job on the renovation between the three of us going down there and then our contractor that we met through that deal. We then held it for two and a half years and then actually sold it at two 50 and 10 31 exchanged it into a four unit that we still have

Dave:
Today. Oh wow. That’s awesome. So is that what you did right after you basically did a refi out and then used that to build the portfolio more?

Sam:
Exactly. So like any BiggerPockets podcast listener, we became absolutely obsessed with the BUR method. The concept of recycling your money from one deal to the next really spoke to us and we refinanced at 188,000 and then took our cash out and used it to buy a triplex in the same area, which we still own today. And we actually took a hard money loan out to do the rehab on that triplex, whereas in the first one, we financed it ourselves.

Dave:
Great. And yeah, this was a great time to do the bur method in 2021. Made a lot of sense. If you’re not familiar, Burr stands for buy, rehab, rent, refinance, and repeat, and it’s just a really great strategy if you want to do value add investing where you buy something that’s really not up to its highest and best use. It sounds like you guys bought a duplex those in decent shape but needed 30 grand of work. You put in the work, you increase the value of that property and then you can refinance some of the equity or hopefully in the best situation, all of that equity out of the deal, you get to hold onto your property and you get to use that money elsewhere, which is exactly what Sam and Joe did. It worked really well in 2021, I think it still works well, but you might not be able to get a hundred percent of your equity out. A lot of people want to. So you guys got started an interesting time because the market was still super hot in 2021, but a year later things started to change. Gears pretty rapidly started to see interest rates go up. So how did that affect you as new investors and how did you adjust to the new climate?

Joe:
We kind of just stayed conservative with our numbers. We told ourselves interest rates are going up, everyone’s staying on the sidelines. Conversely, to what you said earlier, Dave, there was so much competition in 20 20, 20 21 now we kind of saw all this competition get sucked out where we were the only offer on a property and that we found more leverage with the sellers because we would make offers with escalation clauses where the seller has to prove that they have another offer higher than ours, which will allow us to then come up to that price point. And we were realizing that these sellers didn’t have any other offers. If we can still find properties that cashflow at high interest rates, when the rates come down, we can refinance and even have more cashflow on top of that. And me having a lending background that I’m able to run those numbers and see what it looks like at future rates to show, all right, it works now, it’s going to work even better when we’re able to refinance and cash out at a lower rate.

Dave:
Super good advice here. One, first and foremost, being conservative with your numbers makes sense all the time, but particularly in these types of high interest rate environment. And the second thing I want everyone to think about is that there are pros and cons to every type of market. Back in 2010, everyone says, oh, it was so great, everyone should have bought then it was super hard to get a loan back then. If you look at 2021, you say, oh, I should have bought then because appreciation was crazy. Well, it was super competitive. Now interest rates are very high, but there’s less competition in you and more leverage in your negotiation. So you really just need to be thinking about the reality of what’s happening on the ground and just adjusting your approach based on what’s happening. So that’s really great. I do want to ask though, I would imagine as a new investor, this must have been pretty jarring because at least for me, the first 10, 12 years I was investing, I never saw a situation like this where the climate just change so quickly and all the rules got rewritten. Was it daunting or were you confident that you could keep going as an investor?

Joe:
It was definitely scary. I was dealing with it on both ends. I was dealing it with my day job rates are going up, so now our business is dropping that way.

Dave:
That’s true.

Joe:
And I’m also dealing with it as an investor where these margins are getting slimmer and slimmer. So it was definitely scary, but we realized that if the biggest investors are still buying today, they have to be finding a way to do it. The people that are sitting on the sidelines are usually the people that haven’t done a deal yet or maybe have done so few deals that they’re just scared to get in there where we’re kind of just wanted to jump in and see what we can do. So it was definitely tough, but at the same time, at no point did we tell ourselves that we were going to quit. We knew that we were going to push forward no matter what. We had that mindset, we had that goal, and we just kept our head down and kept going.

Dave:
Well, good for you. What Sam, have you guys bought since rates went up? What kind of deals are you looking at now?

Sam:
So we still work in the small to medium sized multifamily space. We did buy one short-term rental, which we bought and sold already.

Dave:
Oh, didn’t go well.

Sam:
It’s not that it went poorly. It was just didn’t go great. And we decided to take our money and reinvest into what we’re really good at. And now we buy typically properties. The last three properties we bought were a four unit, a six unit, and a four unit. So that’s the level we’re hovering around now. And like Joe said, I mean we just continue to use that conservative analysis approach. We know that if a deal works now, we’ll be able to make it work later. And the biggest, I guess, task has just been we analyze so many deals because at current rates, not many work. So it’s almost the opposite of 2021 where you get so excited because you find one that works and you find another one that works a couple days later. If you don’t get it now, it’s the opposite where you find so many that don’t work that when you find the one that does, you’re absolutely thrilled.

Dave:
But that’s the job I feel like. I think that is the job of being an investor, is being patient and being diligent and working on that every single day. Because if it was just super easy to find deals all the time, everyone would be doing this and having the patience and discipline is what sets people apart for the people who actually go and buy deals and scale a portfolio and those who aren’t able to do that. I’m curious how you’re financing these deals. Are you guys both still working?

Joe:
Yes, I am working and Sam as well.

Dave:
Okay. And so are you financing these deals, these multifamily deals through your W2 or ordinary income?

Joe:
At first, we started with financing it through our savings and our W2 income. Again, going back to partnership, you can save up more when there’s two people versus just doing it by yourself. And then as we started to run out of our own capital, not money trees as of yet, we started raising money from friends and family and did our first syndication where we bought that six unit that Sam mentioned. We just had so many people coming up to us and saying, we love what you guys are doing. We want to get involved, but we just don’t have the time to learn about it or we don’t have the time to deal with it. So Sam and I came up with the idea of, alright, if people are coming to us anyways about how they can get into real estate, let’s kind of do a little bit of a crowdfunding syndication where we pulled money together and we bought this property for our passive investors. While we’re managing it ourselves, of course we have a property management team that’s the boots on the ground, but we’re making all the day-to-day decisions for that

Dave:
Company. Before we get into the numbers, and I do want to ask you about the numbers, tell me about the decision to syndicate because everyone, it sounds so cool to raise money from outside people, but you guys had a cool thing going, right? You have this partnership, you’ve been working together, you’ve known each other for a long time. Were you concerned about bringing people in Sam into this partnership that was working? I mean, it does complicate it, right?

Sam:
Of course. It definitely makes things difficult and it definitely increases stress. I would say working with other people’s money, not just your own and you really want to do right by them. But I think we were really confident in our abilities and still are really confident in our abilities and our understanding of the market that we invest in, that it felt like a no-brainer almost.

Joe:
We wanted to set clear expectations with our investors saying, Hey, here’s what we’re looking to invest in. Here’s the return that we’re expecting, but obviously not promising. Nothing’s guaranteed in life except death and taxes, but at the same time, this is what we are looking to do. If you’re out, that’s fine. We’ll come back to you in a year or two when things are continuing to go well for us. But if you’re in, this is what you should expect so that there’s no surprises later on. There’s no people complaining later on. Again, we might run into that, but we’ll deal with it. And we know that we’ve protected ourselves enough that we’ve set those expectations so they know what they’re looking for here.

Dave:
It’s a great approach as someone who invests passively in syndications, I was actually talking about this in BP Con. I love when people are like, this might not go well because that’s the only honest answer. That’s the only honest approach to real estate. You can’t tell people that this is going to be perfect and great, and I would much rather work with people who are straight up about that and be like, listen, this is our plan. We have a good plan. We know what we’re doing, but things can happen that are outside of our control.
And that sort of realism I think is really important. Sometimes people approach me with deals and they’re like, this can’t go wrong. I was like, oh, it can go wrong. It definitely can go wrong. Don’t tell me that. So I definitely appreciate that approach. I think it’s hard for new people who are raising money to take that approach, but I think that the humility and the honesty is super important. It’s time for one more break, but stick around to hear more from Joe Escamilla and Sam Farman. So this is a five unit, you said Sam,

Sam:
So it’s actually a super interesting property. We purchased it as a five unit and rehabbed it into a six unit.

Dave:
Oh, cool.

Sam:
But now it is currently a six unit that is fully rented in the same area that all our properties are in that Scranton, Pennsylvania area.

Dave:
Cool. So tell me the business plan. It is basically when you’re a syndicator, when you’re a gp, a sponsor of a deal, you usually go to your potential investors and say, here’s the plan. So it sounds like finish out the six unit was plan number one. What was the rest of the business plan?

Joe:
The rest of the plan was that we actually purchased this property completely vacant. So we knew it was very easy to turn over. We didn’t have to kick out lower than market rent tenants or try to raise it on them. So we felt comfortable enough that this property is vacant. We know that we can get it leased up at specific market rents. And again, we’re running our numbers conservatively while we’re finishing this six unit. After closing, we’re going to list the other units on the MLS, get it leased up. Then in this stage of the process, now that we have it fully leased up and rented, we’re looking to do a refinance because we have a high interest rate that we’re then looking to lower.

Dave:
And Sam, what kind of hold period were you telling your investors? How are they going to get their money back?

Sam:
So we discussed a typical hold period of about three to five years, depending on market conditions. Now, all the people who bought into our syndication, we’ve given them voting rights to decide on the company’s decision as a whole to either sell, refinance, basically any sort of equity decision that needs to be made, the company gets to vote and the majority will rule just like any other company. Wow. And so with the refinance coming up, I mean it’s a no-brainer of course to lower the rate. So that shouldn’t be too difficult of a vote. But in the event that it comes time to sell or we get a really good appraisal and we want to do a cash out refinance for investors, that’ll of course go to a vote as well.

Dave:
Sounds like a great plan. I’ve done a handful. I’ve done a good amount of syndications now. I’ve never gotten the chance to vote. It’s usually just give us your money and then wait five to seven years hopefully.

Joe:
Yeah, hopefully you get it back. We wanted to kind of give power to the people, so to speak. It was part of the pitch in saying like, Hey, we want you guys to be a part of this. Now Sam and I are responsible for the day-to-day operations. We’re not going to send out a vote, say, Hey, do we do the porcelain toilet? Or do we do this other toilet? It’s not every little minute thing. But for the big decisions of, Hey, do we cash out by selling? Do we cash out by refinancing? Do we roll it into the next deal? And for the most part, people are like, yeah, let’s roll it into the next one. Let’s keep it going. Because they see the power of it and they love the fact that we’re giving them a say in how their money goes.

Dave:
That’s awesome. Well, it sounds like you guys got a great deal and are taking a really good approach to raising money. Again, it sounds great, but it’s a big responsibility and it’s always good to make sure that you’re doing it with your investors’ best interest in mind and putting yourself in their shoes to make sure that you understand their perspective, especially if they’re not in real estate and making them feel comfortable. So that’s great. Shifting gears, Sam, you mentioned earlier that today’s markets is forcing you to get a little bit creative. Are you guys still doing burrs as you move into 2025 here, or what else are you working on?

Sam:
We’ve been calling this process a delayed bur where we don’t immediately go into a property and gut rehab and change everything. But if the properties we’ve been finding specifically the last two, four units that we’ve purchased have really great bones, they definitely could use some cosmetic updating. But currently, the tenants that are in there are paying good rent close, if not at market rent. The property’s functioning well. It’s flowing and there’s no need to go in there and mess anything up. And so as these tenants move out, we’ve already seen it in one of the four units. A tenant moves out, we go in there, we do the rehab. We re-rent at ideally a higher rent price now that they have a brand new unit. And eventually as rental turnover happens, we will renovate all the units in the property and then go to refinance and cash out the equity and repeat the process.

Dave:
Dude, this is exactly what I’ve been doing this year.

Sam:
Oh, amazing. I

Dave:
Love that. I was talking to Henry Washington about it. We were calling it the opportunistic burr.

Sam:
Okay. I like that.

Dave:
Delayed bur sounds better, but
It just works. Right now, it’s not as sexy as doing a burr and getting a hundred percent of your equity out within six months or whatever. But it works. I’m able, not in Scranton, but in similar markets, you’re able to buy something that’s like, I don’t know, three, four, 5% cash on cash return today, but they’re not even at market rent, and it’s not even at its highest and best use. So once you stabilize it, you could get that cash on cash return up to really solid 10, 12%. It might take you a year though, like you were saying, where you wait until someone moves out, then you do the bur and you might not be able to refinance immediately. But it is a really, in my mind, low risk way to do it because you have cashflow immediately and you have tenants, and so then you’re not putting yourself in a situation where you’re banking on this one big construction project going completely Right, and the appraisal that you get after that burr.

Joe:
Exactly. And it goes back to patience and also delayed gratification. Yes, you can go in and try to flip a property or say, I’m kicking out all the tenants and I’m going to renovate everything. There’s people that are in the position to do that. They can handle the holding costs, they can handle the construction projects. We are telling ourselves that we’re realizing how much vacancy is the silent killer to the real estate

Dave:
Game? Oh, a hundred percent.

Joe:
It’s insane. It’s really insane because you run all these numbers, you can have the perfect numbers, but if you upset all your tenants and they all move out, then your numbers don’t mean anything. We are of the mindset of like, all right, these tenants are happy being there. Sometimes we get the information of, this has been a tenant here for 25 years. That person’s probably not going to want to move anytime soon. We’re going to keep them in there. They’re paying market rent, even if they’re a little bit under market rent, they’re happy. They’re going to stay while they stay. We’ll do cosmetic upgrades to the other units, and we’re always looking for properties that just need TLC. We are looking for good bones, but ugly guts. The shag carpets, the purple walls, the pink tile in the bathroom, maybe even a carpet in the bathroom. That’s a good one to look for, but it has the good bones. It has the good exterior siding and roofing and stuff like that.

Dave:
I love it. This is exactly what I’ve been doing. I have yet to found many people who are taking this exact approach, but I think it makes so much sense and the low risk, I think still pretty high upside to it is working really well in this type of market.

Sam:
I think it’s just important to know that you have to be a bit patient, right? You’re not going to see that immediate cash out within the first six months, but as long as you’re in for the investment and in the real estate game for the long term, it’s a very powerful strategy.

Dave:
I totally agree, but I also just want to add that patience is always the name of the game in real estate and these periods of time where you could do the perfect bur in 20 21, 20 20, that is unusual. Or even looking back in 20 10, 20 11, you could get on market 15% cash on cash deals. That is unusual. The majority of the time. This is the kind of stuff that you need to be doing to make money in real estate, and that’s okay. It’s still in my mind way better than investing in any other asset class. It’s just readjusting your expectations to what normal real estate investing conditions are.

Sam:
Absolutely.

Dave:
I have one more question I forgot to ask you guys. You guys said that later in your partnership you specialized, so Joe, what do you do in the partnership? And Sam, what do you do?

Joe:
We started to organically place ourselves into these specific roles where me, with my background in lending, I’m more the analytical brain and I have a little bit more of a conservative approach looking at how our taxes affect us and our write-offs and things like that. Whereas Sam is more of the deal finding. He’ll run the numbers that we can then review together. He’s very good at writing up emails to our investors, writing messages to our team members that are the boots on the ground.

Sam:
Like Joe said, we kind of joke that if I was doing this by myself, I would buy every deal good and bad, and if Joe was doing this by himself, he would buy nothing, and then the two of us together, we buy only good

Dave:
Deals even out together.

Sam:
That’s awesome. Yes, exactly.

Dave:
Great. Well, thank you both so much for being here. Congratulations on starting a portfolio during an interesting time in the housing market and on building a successful partnership. That is such a valuable thing as you just talking about to have in this industry. If you all want to connect with Sam or Joe, we’ll of course put their BiggerPockets profiles and contact information in the show notes below. Thanks again, guys.

Joe:
Thank you, Dave. Thanks, Dave.

Dave:
If you all like this show, don’t forget to leave us a review on Spotify or Apple or share it with a friend who you think would learn something from our conversation with Sam and Joe. We’ll see you all in a couple of days. Thanks again for listening.

 

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Investing in short-term rentals (STRs) can be a gold mine—or a costly lesson in what not to do. The key? Picking the right market that fits your budget and investment goals.

Some folks want a vacation home that pulls its weight, others chase high cash flow, and some just want to ride the appreciation wave. Whatever your strategy, there’s a market out there calling your name.

We ran the numbers using data from BiggerPockets Market Finder, Zillow, Redfin, Realtor.com, and AirDNA to uncover STR markets that still make sense—whether you’re working with champagne money or a beer budget. Not every market will be a slam dunk for your goals, but the right one is on this list. 

Now, let’s find your perfect match.

1. Investment Level: $200,000

Potential markets

  • Akron, Ohio
    • Median home price: $212,500
    • Occupancy rate: 52%
    • ADR: $188
    • Annual revenue: $28,800
  • Stanton, Kentucky
    • Median home price: $165,533
    • Occupancy rate: 51%
    • ADR: $227
    • Annual revenue: $37,833
  • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
    • Median home price: $208,593
    • Occupancy rate: 53%
    • ADR: $174.5
    • Annual revenue: $28,300
  • Peoria, Illinois
    • Median home price: $144,272
    • Occupancy rate: 55%
    • ADR: $153.5
    • Annual revenue: $24,200

Analysis

For investors working with a $200,000 budget, Akron, Stanton, Pittsburgh, and Peoria offer affordable entry points with strong return potential.

Akron has experienced a 15% increase in annual revenue since 2023, with demand consistently outpacing supply—even as listings have grown by 20% in the last year. This suggests a market that continues to thrive despite rising inventory.

Stanton saw a tremendous boost over the past few years but cooled off slightly in 2024. However, it still boasts an impressive 22.8% yield percentage, one of the highest on this list. Yield percentage, calculated as annual revenue divided by the median home price, helps determine how much an investor can make relative to their purchase price.

Pittsburgh is a larger, more stable market than Akron and Stanton, offering a mix of urban tourism, business travel, and local demand for short-term rentals. In the last year, it has seen an impressive 11% growth in RevPAR (revenue per available room) and a 12% growth in annual revenue per listing. There has been an increase of 12% in listings year over year, but occupancy rates are still growing by 3%, even with the influx of listings. With home prices still accessible and a strong sports, healthcare, and education-driven economy, Pittsburgh presents a lower-risk option for investors seeking steady cash flow.

Peoria was named AirDNA’s No. 1 best place to invest in a city and has seen a 9% increase across all key metrics, including annual revenue (AR), average daily rate (ADR), and RevPAR. However, listings have surged by 23% due to the hype surrounding its strong performance. While the growth is undeniable, investors should be mindful of how increasing supply could impact occupancy and pricing over time.

While all four markets present promising numbers, investors should consider local regulations, seasonality, and market saturation before diving in. Affordable entry points can be attractive, but long-term success hinges on understanding demand trends and competition in each area.

2. Investment Level: $500,000

Potential markets

  • Logan, Ohio
    • Median home price: $310,924
    • Occupancy rate: 54%
    • ADR: $362
    • Annual revenue: $65,700
  • Myrtle Beach, South Carolina
    • Median home price: $331,265
    • Occupancy rate: 58%
    • ADR: $285.36
    • Annual revenue: $47,600
  • Panama City Beach, Florida
    • Median home price: $353,298
    • Occupancy rate: 57%
    • ADR: $327
    • Annual revenue: $53,800
  • Sneads Ferry, North Carolina
    • Median home price: $425,219
    • Occupancy rate: 60%
    • ADR: $421
    • Annual revenue: $71,500
  • Seaside, Oregon
    • Median home price: $450,000
    • Occupancy rate: 59%
    • ADR: $336 
    • Annual revenue: $62,700
  • Branson, Missouri
    • Median home price: $255,532
    • Occupancy rate: 51%
    • ADR: $249.99 
    • Annual revenue: $40,500

Analysis

With a budget of $500,000 or less, investors have several strong markets to consider.

Logan stands out with its high annual revenue potential, but its market is filled with some of the most unique properties—meaning creativity is key to standing out. RevPAR has grown 9% and annual revenue by 10%, but listings have surged by 15% in the last year. It may not be for you if you don’t plan on catering to this creative market.

Myrtle Beach is an STR-friendly market with significant tourism appeal. The city is so pro-STR that there’s even speculation they might outlaw long-term rentals due to the high demand for vacation stays and the lack of supply. It’s a highly seasonal market but benefits from strong tourism. Annual revenue and ADR have increased by 4%, with RevPAR up 3%. However, there are over 16,000 active listings, and occupancy rates have trended down slightly (1% YoY).

Panama City Beach is one of the most STR-friendly markets in the country, with both annual revenue (AR) and average daily rate (ADR) rising 14%. While it’s a highly seasonal market, it offers consistent yearly revenue. Listings have only increased by 1%, showing demand remains strong. However, insurance costs are a concern for investors in Florida.

For those with a bit more to spend, Sneads Ferry (North Topsail Beach) provides high ADRs and substantial revenue, with beachfront proximity being the ultimate profitability booster (but also a cost driver). Listings decreased by 3% while growing in ADR (2%) and occupancy rates (3%).

Meanwhile, Seaside and Rockaway Beach are proving to be strong short-term rental (STR) markets with favorable regulations and growing revenue potential. RevPAR, ADR, and annual revenue projections are all up, signaling strong demand, while occupancy has remained steady despite a 6% increase in new listings since 2024. These coastal destinations attract consistent tourism, benefiting from beachgoers, outdoor enthusiasts, and regional travelers.

Branson remains an appealing STR market despite seasonality concerns. Annual revenue and ADR increased by 6%, reaching $40,500, while the median home price is $255,532. However, active listings have risen by 7%, and occupancy rates have dipped 2% YoY. While Branson does experience seasonal dips, it was recently named one of Airbnb’s top 10 Thanksgiving destinations, indicating strong demand during peak periods.

With a balanced market and investor-friendly policies, these markets offer compelling opportunities for STR investors. However, understanding local competition, tourism trends, seasonality, and potential expenses is key in deciding which market aligns best with your strategy.

3. Investment Level: $800,000-$1 Million

Potential markets

Analysis

Sevierville, Pawleys Island, Flagstaff, Hilton Head, and Sedona all offer substantial short-term rental investment opportunities, each with distinct advantages, depending on your budget and strategy.

For investors in the $800,000 range, Sevierville, Pawleys Island, and Flagstaff stand out. Sevierville benefits from its proximity to the Smoky Mountains, a top-tier tourism destination. This has been one of the hottest markets for a few years now, and it shows—with occupancy rates dropping 4% YoY as supply starts to outpace demand (2% supply growth). The advantage will lie in ensuring you have the proper budget to match the amenities and location desired in the area.

At the same time, Pawleys Island offers a lucrative coastal market, where being as close to the beach as possible will significantly impact ROI. While you can technically get into Pawleys Island for under $600,000, expect to stretch closer to $800,000 if you want to compete at the highest level. RevPAR, ADR, and annual revenue are up 14% YoY in a less competitive market than others, with only 1,479 active listings, according to AirDNA.

Meanwhile, Flagstaff is one of the least seasonal STR markets in the U.S., making it a stable investment option compared to other vacation destinations. In 2024, annual revenue and RevPAR increased by 8%, while ADR rose by 6%, signaling steady demand. The city benefits from year-round tourism, drawing visitors for outdoor activities, national parks, and events that keep occupancy levels more consistent than in traditional seasonal markets.

All three markets require an understanding of peak tourism seasons and the design styles that appeal to their unique audiences to maximize returns.

With a $1 million budget, Hilton Head and Sedona present even more substantial opportunities. Hilton Head’s well-established coastal appeal attracts golfers, beachgoers, and year-round tourists, making it a reliable STR market. However, competition is fierce, so standout design and top-tier amenities are necessary. 

With this supply growth and 7,330 active listings, occupancy rates have trended down by 3%, according to AirDNA. On the other hand, annual revenue and RevPAR are up by 5%, meaning people are willing to pay for this highly desired vacation area.

On the other hand, Sedona is all about breathtaking red rock views, luxury retreats, and a steady stream of adventure-seeking visitors. The yield percentage in Sedona may not be as enticing as some other markets. Still, with all metrics (occupancy, ADR, RevPAR, and annual revenue) trending upwards by 5%+, Sedona could be a winner for people in the Southwest. While its year-round occupancy is a significant draw, investors must navigate local STR regulations carefully.

In all five markets, maximizing returns requires premium experiences—think high-end outdoor spaces, hot tubs, and professional-grade interior design. Whether it’s a mountain retreat, a beachfront escape, or a desert oasis, the right strategy can turn these markets into highly profitable investments.

Final Thoughts

Every STR market isn’t a one-size-fits-all opportunity. Each investor has unique goals, whether maximizing cash flow, long-term appreciation, or balancing both. 

If strong cash flow is your priority, budget-friendly markets can offer high returns with the right deal. If appreciation is your focus, destinations like Sedona and Sneads Ferry may be more your speed. And if you want a blend of both—plus a prime vacation location—Hilton Head and Sedona should be on your radar. 

The beauty of STR investing is that the path is yours to choose, and what one investor overlooks might be another’s gold mine.

Find the Hottest Deals of 2025!

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Housing affordability (or the lack thereof), as well as public housing, were major issues in the last presidential election. Vice President Kamala Harris planned to build three million new housing units while effectively punishing corporations with large portfolios of single-family homes through various policy proposals. 

Some activists want to go even further. For example, a group named People’s Action wants to “decommodify” housing—or, in other words, make all housing in the United States government housing.

President Trump, for his part, ran on reducing grocery prices or inflation in general. Housing isn’t directly measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI), but it still factors greatly in the cost of living. In Trump’s first term, he sought to cut the Department of Housing and Urban Development’s (HUD) budget, but was blocked by Congress.

It would not be surprising if Trump again tried to cut HUD’s budget despite public housing being long thought of as the third rail in politics. Indeed, it has a long history in the United States and the world over. And while the reasons behind public housing have been completely understandable, its results have often failed to live up to the promise.

Public Housing’s Earliest Beginnings

Examples (or quasi-examples) of public housing—i.e., housing provided by a governing authority to people subject to that government—have existed in one form or another since the dawn of civilization. That said, what we think of as the government or state doesn’t exactly translate to ancient or medieval civilizations. 

Semantics aside, public housing still goes back a long way. For example, Deir el-Medina was a village of craftsmen and artists that built the tombs in the Valley of the Kings between the 18th and 20th Dynasties of the New Kingdom of Egypt (between approximately 1550 and 1080 BCE). 

In ancient Rome, ordinary Roman citizens often lived in a kind of apartment building called an insula. These often shoddily constructed buildings were, unfortunately, quite susceptible to fire and, given their proximity to each other, made disasters like the Great Fire of Rome more likely to happen. The insula was a sort of pseudo-public housing, as they tended to be owned by wealthy Roman patricians, many of whom were senators who controlled Rome’s government. 

And, of course, throughout history, there have been slave quarters, which, in a very exploitative way, could be seen as an extremely unpleasant form of public housing.

As we move from ancient times into the Middle Ages, concepts of property—at least in Europe—looked far different than they do today. Feudalism amounted to a series of pledges and obligations between lords and their vassals, with the king being at the top of the ladder. 

At the bottom were the serfs, who worked their lord’s lands for a percentage of their produce. And since they were bound to that land and prohibited from leaving, their housing resembles public housing provided by the government (or the lord, in this case) more so than in a market economy. 

The Modern History of Public Housing

Gradually, public housing became less of a governing authority (be it a government, plutocrat, slave owner, or feudal lord) providing housing to his subjects, but instead, a way for governments to provide housing at a reduced cost to those who could not easily afford it. 

One of the first examples of this was the Fuggerei. According to the Fugger Foundation, “The Fuggerei is the oldest existing social housing complex in the world, a city within a city with 67 buildings and 142 residences, as well as a church.”

These houses were constructed by Jakob Fugger in 1521 for 150 needy Catholic citizens of Augsburg at a substantially reduced rate. Jakob Fugger was the head of the extremely wealthy Fugger family (some estimated Jakob’s wealth amounted to 2% of all of Europe’s wealth at the time) and a major supporter of the Habsburgs, who ruled the Holy Roman Empire at the time.

Of course, this was during the Reformation, and the Fuggers were trying to lure support away from the Protestant reformers. (Just four years earlier, Martin Luther had posted his famous 95 Theses to the door of the Wittenberg Castle church.) The previous family to hold the title of being the richest in Europe—the Medicis of Florence, Italy—had instead bestowed their charity not on the working poor but on the arts instead. 

This is particularly true of Lorenzo De Medici, who was the banker to the Pope, de facto ruler of Florence, and patron to Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and many others. The Italian Renaissance, in no small part, was made possible by the Medicis. (This is also true of a variety of wars, such as the War of the Roses in Europe, in which they financed both sides.)  

While the social housing provided by various rules and oligarchs in the early modern era was illustrative of things to come, it still amounted to rich individuals performing charitable works. Public housing, as we know it today, really began to take off at the dawn of the Industrial Revolution. 

The Industrial Revolution, Urban Crowding, and Demands for Public Housing

The Industrial Revolution first began in Britain sometime between 1760 and 1780 before migrating to the rest of Europe and then throughout the world. A variety of factors made this possible, including new technologies like the steam engine and spinning ginny, the enclosure acts that moved many rural peasants off their land into the cities, and large coal deposits near those cities to act as fuel for Britain’s burgeoning industrialization.

However, as the cities grew rapidly, urban blight, disease, overcrowding, and the like went right along with it. Despite unparalleled growth in history, the urban poor were doing quite badly. For example, between 1850 and 1870, the world output of coal increased by 250% and iron by 400%, while the amount of railroad mileage laid went from 2,808 miles in 1840 to 52,922 in 1870, to its peak of 254,037 in 1916. 

On the other hand, the average height of British citizens actually declined in the first half of the 19th century due to poor nutrition and living conditions. Indeed, life expectancy in Britain actually flatlined and even fell slightly at the beginning of the 19th century before finally starting to rise again in the second half of the century

Statistic: Life expectancy (from birth) in the United Kingdom from 1765 to 2020* | Statista
Find more statistics at Statista

Thus, it’s not surprising that there would be a reaction. This came in moderate forms like the Chartist movement in Britain and radical forms like Frederich Engels, who wrote his blistering critique of the early capitalist system, The Condition of the Working Class in England, and Karl Marx, who wrote The Communist Manifesto in 1848, the same year as a continent-wide revolt took place.

The response of the British authorities to these challenges was modest. This mostly consisted of shipping off much of its poor and riffraff to the New World and putting in a few regulations on working conditions, including limiting working hours, factory inspectors, and regulations regarding women and children. 

However, virtually nothing was done about housing until the Housing and Working Classes Act of 1885, which put in some basic regulations and allowed the authorities to clear slum housing. Other than that (and private charity, of course), the main government form of public housing was the workhouses for orphans, the poor, and the intransigent that were so thoroughly pilloried by the likes of Charles Dickens. 

While the condition of the working class was quite poor at the time, Marx’s and Engels’ theories never made much sense. By the time the first volume of Karl Marx’s magnum opus, Das Kapital, was published in 1867, the condition of the working class had already been improving substantially, whereas he predicted they would become poorer and poorer until the inevitable revolution. The working class was supposed to be ground into dust, but arguing today that working people are worse off than they were in the early 19th century is beyond ridiculous. 

Indeed, pretty much all of Marx’s theories failed. He predicted the revolution would come in the most advanced capitalist states like Britain, the United States, or Germany. Instead, it happened in pseudo-feudalist states as they were industrializing, like Russia and China.

Marx also didn’t publish the second and third volumes of Das Kapital during his lifetime (Engels put them together and published them in 1885 and 1894, respectively). This was probably in large part because Marx’s theory was that capitalists stole the “surplus value” from laborers. But if that were so, then why did labor-intensive industries not have a higher profit margin than capital-intensive industries? 

Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk counted no less than four different and rather contradictory explanations for this inconsistency (Karl Marx and the Close of His System, pg. 32). It seems the one Marx settled on the most is that the capitalists broke down old feudal barriers, which allowed competition to smooth out the difference in profit levels between industries despite labor being exploited more in some industries than others. This, of course, is unfalsifiable and akin to saying “just trust me, bro.”

And, of course, the whole idea behind the labor theory of value is absurd to begin with. Marx only includes “socially necessary labor” but doesn’t acknowledge that some labor is more valuable than others, except for noting that a certain amount of unskilled labor adds up to skilled labor. This is false, as 10 unskilled laborers or even 100 cannot do what one, say, electrician can. 

Further, Marx implies that anything not mixed with labor is of no value when, obviously, that is not true. A gold deposit has value, even if it’s just sitting there. And of course, he ignored the skill and effort required in entrepreneurship, business management, etc. and just assumed it to be theft.

Still, Marx did inspire the revolutions that took place throughout the early-to-mid-20th century. With them, all housing became effectively universally government housing. 

And oh boy, did they create some of the ugliest, soul-crushing, cookie-cutter block housing the world has ever seen. The Soviet version were known as Khrushchevkas. Here’s one example of such an abomination: 

Khrushchevkas

Sometimes the cure is worse than the disease, a theme we will return to shortly.

Public Housing in the United States

As noted, what exactly is and isn’t public housing is a bit trickier to define in early periods. The company towns that popped up throughout the Midwest in the 19th century were effectively corporate-owned cities with public housing for their workforce (and their own currency, for that matter, called scrip, to use in company-owned stores). Indeed, we see the same thing to a certain extent with some of the enormous corporate campuses like Apple Park.

What began the push for public housing was the rapid urbanization brought on by the nation’s growing industrialization and large-scale immigration of the late 19th century. Jacob Riis became famous for his book How the Other Half Lives and photos of overcrowded, squalid housing. 

Midnight in Ludlow St.
Midnight in Ludlow St., Jacob Riis – International Center of Photography

While this created the impetus for public housing, the policy didn’t follow suit in any notable way until the Great Depression and Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s New Deal. The Public Works Administration subsidized a variety of construction projects, including housing. 

Then came the National Housing Act of 1937, which provided subsidies to local public housing agencies. This was partially inspired by Catherine Bauer’s influential Modern Housing, which advocated for housing to be seen as a public utility. The spirit of that economically depressed age moved away from the free market and toward government intervention.

After World War II, public housing kicked into high gear throughout the Western world. In Europe, much of this had to do with rebuilding after the war’s devastation. In the United States, there was a housing shortage as vets returned from the war, and the so-called baby boom began. 

Harry Truman passed the Housing Act of 1949, which is when the large and infamous public housing projects began. It also pushed for slum clearing and urban renewal. Not surprisingly, this policy did quite a poor job of it, as they ended up destroying substantially more housing than they built and upended numerous vibrant local communities along the way.

It was in this period that the United States saw the construction of some of the largest (and most disastrous) public housing projects in history. This included Cabrini-Green Homes in Chicago (housed 15,000 people, constructed between 1942 and 1962, demolished in 2011); the Robert Taylor Homes also in Chicago (housed 27,000 people, constructed in 1961, and demolished in 2007); and Pruitt-Igoe in St. Louis (housed 10,000 people, constructed in 1951, and demolished in 1976). 

These public housing projects became infamous and simply referred to as “the projects.” As Howard Husock explained in his book America’s Trillion-Dollar Housing Mistake, these housing projects concentrated the poorest people in one place that “radiate dysfunction and social problems outward, damaging local businesses and neighborhood property values. They hurt cities by inhibiting or even preventing these run-down areas from coming back to life by attracting higher-income homesteaders and new business investment.” This is not at all what was originally intended.

“Public housing spawns neighborhood social problems because it concentrates together welfare-dependent, single-parent families, whose fatherless children disproportionately turn out to be school dropouts, drug users, nonworkers, and criminals. These are not, of course, the families that public housing originally aimed to serve. But as the U.S. economy boomed after World War II, the lower-middle-class working families for whom the projects had been built discovered that they could afford privately built homes in America’s burgeoning suburbs, and by the 1960s, they had completely abandoned public housing. Left behind were the poorest, most disorganized nonworking families, almost all of them headed by single women. Public housing then became a key component of the vast welfare-support network that gave young women their own income and apartment if they gave birth to illegitimate kids. As the fatherless children of these women grew up and went astray, many projects became lawless places, with gunfire a nightly occurrence and murder commonplace.” (America’s Trillion-Dollar Housing Mistake, pp. 30-31)

Cabrini-Green became so dangerous that the police refused to even enter the building. Residents complained of living in the same type of squalor Jacob Riis described but also in constant fear for their lives. In 1992, a 7-year-old boy was shot and killed next to Cabrini-Green while walking to school. Cabrini-Green became the poster child for dysfunctional public housing and was thankfully demolished in phases between 1995 and 2011.

Since then, public housing has moved toward a more dispersed method of providing subsidies for those with low income that doesn’t concentrate poverty in one place, making it all the harder for those stuck in such situations to get out.

In 1974, HUD began the Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program, which allows voucher holders to have their rent subsidized by the government in privately owned units whose owners accept vouchers. (Although, whether a landlord has the right to accept or reject Section 8 vouchers is being eroded. Today, 17 states, 21 counties, and 85 cities ban so-called “source of income discrimination” and require landlords to rent to those on Section 8.)

The government also provides tax credits to developers to build Section 42 or LIHTC (Low Income Housing Tax Credit) properties that require landlords to charge below-market rent to low-income tenants in exchange for tax credits. 

These programs are far from perfect. Section 8 is a cumbersome process with all sorts of bureaucratic delays and costs. For Section 42 projects, the costs of developing them are notably higher than market-rate properties, mostly because of the “soft costs” (i.e., attorneys, permitting, etc.).

Still, these programs are a great improvement over the large public housing projects that preceded them. As a study by the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland notes, “…closing large public housing developments and dispersing former residents throughout a wider portion of the city was associated with net reductions in violent crime, at the city level.” The quality of Section 8 and Section 42 housing is also far superior to that of the old, dilapidated housing projects like Cabrini-Green and Pruitt-Igoe. 

Final Thoughts

Indeed, the history of public housing has clearly demonstrated that while the needs are real, the results are often far from ideal. The market is still the best place to provide at least the majority of housing. And while there is a place for government-subsidized or even government-built housing, policies regarding such housing need to be enacted very carefully. After all, history is replete with examples of the cure being worse than the disease, and we all know where paths paved with good intentions can lead. 

Few things offer better examples of that than the history of public housing, particularly in the United States.



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Many of you may have seen the low-buy year—or even no-buy year—trend on social media. I’m jumping on the bandwagon and setting some ground rules for myself as I embark on my first low-buy year. 

What Is a Low-Buy Year? 

It is when you actively avoid buying anything new, aside from what you deem a necessity or “approved” (you get to set the ground rules!) to help you achieve your goals. 

Maybe your low-buy year is to save money for your first or next deal, or maybe it’s paying off debt. It might also be about decluttering and organizing your home to be more intentional about what you’re bringing in and lessen your environmental impact with choices as a consumer. 

Why Am I Doing This?

Well, frankly, I’ve gotten into some bad money habits recently. There’s lifestyle creep, where I can afford more things than I could 10 years ago, and the occasional indulgences have turned into regular occurrences. 

I’m also a convenience buyer. With a toddler at home, the ease of Amazon Prime has crept its way into my life in a big way that is not only adding to our household expenses but it’s terrible for the environment. My low-buy year is meant to make me rethink how I look at spending and my finances, while still investing in what’s important to me. 

What Are My Ground Rules and Considerations? 

Yours might look totally different, and that’s OK.

I took the Amazon app off my phone 

This might seem like a small thing, but the convenience factor made it out of control. I still use Amazon occasionally, but only for hard-to-find items, and I have to order on my laptop, which is a small but meaningful extra step to encourage me not to use it as often. 

No new clothes for myself

If something is worn out and cannot be mended, I can replace it, but ideally, it should be something thrifted or secondhand. I’m also planning ahead, knowing that I need a special occasion gown for a charity event in March, so I’ve already started looking for one secondhand, and if that fails, I’ll rent one from Nuuly or Rent the Runway. 

This isn’t just about saving money—it’s also about being more environmentally conscious of my habits as a consumer. 

Fewer new clothes for my family

I’m proud to say that 90% of my son’s clothing is thrifted; however, he’s getting to an age where that’s harder to accomplish. If he needs something, I’ll first try to buy it secondhand, but if that fails or I’m in a pinch, I’ll get him what he needs. This guideline is mostly to cut down on my impulse purchases at Target because sometimes the baby section is just too cute to resist (IYKYK). 

Intentional meal planning

We’ve gone through meal prep and cooking in spurts in the past, but gotten a little lazy with it since having a child. This year, we’re focusing more on grocery shopping and meal planning to encourage us to eat at home more while also considering our weekly schedule to reduce unwanted food waste. 

Cutting back on restaurants and convenience meals

Unless it’s a special occasion, only one dinner, one lunch, and one coffee out a week. 

Some people might say, “Why not cut this out completely?” The purpose of this is to tailor this low-buy year to our life and goals. For example, I enjoy our morning walks as a family and grabbing a coffee and pastry to share with my husband and toddler. My husband and son also have a Wednesday night ritual of going to a local spot where kids eat for free. These are nice moments for us as a family that we don’t want to give up, but at the same time, we need to cut back on our much-too-frequent $15 sandwich habit from the local deli. 

No new beauty, skincare, or haircare products

The goal here is to use up what I have and only replace what I need. For some people, this isn’t a big deal, and honestly, I’m one of them. I rarely buy new products and don’t usually fall prey to influencer purchases on social media, but for some people, this can be hard to resist. 

This year, I’m focusing on only replacing what I currently use, and only when it’s almost empty, so I don’t accidentally stockpile products like I’ve done in the past. Also, I’m rethinking the brands that I use. Do I really need $60 shampoo? Debatable—but that’s for me to decide when it runs out. 

A “do I really want it” mindset? 

I’m a consumer. Period. The dopamine hit I get from buying something is painfully strong and something I’ve acknowledged so I can work on. My husband doesn’t relate to this, and I know some others may not either, but for me, the spark of dopamine can be a reason why I swipe my card in the first place. 

To help with this, when considering anything nonessential, I need to wait a week before I buy it to make sure I really, really want it. 

Everyone Is Different When Planning A Low-Buy Year 

If you’re considering jumping on this trend with me and others, here are a few things I think you should still consider adding to your approved spending list. 

Things that make you feel good and bring you joy

For me, it’s quarterly facials and massages. Knowing this is important to me, in order to save a little on the cost, I prepaid for a year of facials during a holiday promotion, so I got a discount.

Maybe mini-spa days aren’t your thing, but everyone has something that is a little luxury they deserve to keep in their life, even when having a low-spend year. 

Education 

I’m investing in audiobooks and events that give me tools to reach my personal goals. There are plenty of free resources, but sometimes investing in your education financially can propel you forward in a big way. 

I’m not planning to drop $10,000 on a course anytime soon (or probably ever, if we’re being honest), but in-person experiences and education are extremely valuable, and I plan to continue that. BiggerPockets is famous for its free and low-cost resources like books and our annual Pro membership, which has tons of perks. 

There are also bigger events to invest in, like the annual BiggerPockets Conference and the new virtual summit, Momentum 2025, to kick off your year with a virtual learning experience. Events like these mean a financial investment, but investing in yourself to boost your potential, reach your goals, and close more deals is invaluable. 

Travel and experiences

We travel relatively frugally and fly every few months to see my family. This is something I’m unwilling to cut back on because it’s extremely meaningful to me. 

While the travel and experiences category might look different for you, I believe that you should enjoy your life and time with loved ones. Maybe it’s not out-of-state travel like it is for me, and instead, it’s taking your family to a local water park, having a staycation with your significant other, or splurging on great seats to see your favorite band. Life’s short, so enjoy the experiences and company while you can. 

Final Thoughts

Ultimately, a low-buy year isn’t about deprivation—it’s about being intentional. It’s about recognizing the difference between mindless spending and meaningful purchases, cutting out the excess, and making room for what truly matters. For me, that means shifting my habits to align with my financial goals, reducing waste, and being more thoughtful about how I consume.

This journey will look different for everyone, and that’s the beauty of it. Whether you’re doing this to save for your next real estate deal, declutter your life, or simply break free from impulse spending, the key is setting rules that work for you. It’s not about being perfect; it’s about progress.

If you’re considering your own low-buy year, I encourage you to start small, be flexible, and focus on what brings value to your life. At the end of the day, it’s not just about saving money—it’s about creating a more intentional and fulfilling way of living.



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How has Scott achieved so much financial success already in his early 30s? He’s got a secret weapon nobody else has: Virginia Trench! That’s right, the woman behind half of the puns you hear on this podcast is coming on the show! She’s sharing her view on Scott’s early (and extreme) frugality, massively successful financial planning dates, goal setting as a couple, prenuptial agreements, and the Trenches’ recent decision to sell a solid chunk of their index fund portfolio.

Virginia met Scott before he was CEO, before he had a sizable rental portfolio, and before he became one of the internet’s favorite money nerds. Together, they’ve worked hand-in-hand, building a FI lifestyle that fits their family while chasing their own individual dreams, including Virginia becoming a published author with her new book, Our Secrets Were Safe, coming out this summer!

In this episode, we peel back the curtain and get a glimpse into how Scott and Virginia run the Trench household and its finances. What’s the one thing they have trouble not spending on? What is their repeatable process for achieving enormous financial goals? And is Scott secretly the world’s worst/best baker? If you’re a long-time listener, this is an episode you can’t miss!

Mindy:
Ever wonder what Scott’s duplex in his twenties was like or how frugal he really was? Well, today we are bringing on an expert and pivotal player in Scott’s life and Scott’s Fi journey, his wife, Virginia Trench. I am so excited to talk with both Virginia and Scott about how their money story has evolved over time. Hello, hello, hello and welcome to the BiggerPockets Money podcast. My name is Mindy Jensen, and with me as always is my co-host Mr. Virginia Trench.

Scott:
That’s right, Mindy. Super excited to be on BiggerPockets money today with my lovely, wonderful wife Virginia here, and Virginia is actually going to take it from here. With the rest of the intro,

Virginia:
BiggerPockets has a goal of creating 1 million millionaires. You are in the right place if you want to get your financial house in order because we truly believe financial freedom is attainable for everyone, no matter when or where you are starting.

Mindy:
Virginia, I am so excited that you are joining us today. Welcome to the show.

Virginia:
Thanks, Mindy. It’s great to be here. I’ve been entrenched in this guy’s life for almost 10 years.

Scott:
She has better puns than me and many times the puns that we use on the show have actually originated from Virginia without due accreditation. Citation. Yeah, due citation.

Mindy:
We’ll let it slide. And hello to Fred, the cat behind you who is apparently going to horn in on your show today, Virginia. So Fred piped down.

Scott:
Our daughter is at school, but we have Fred, Virginia and our little one on the way here as well.

Mindy:
Almost everybody. Almost everybody is here. Well, that’s awesome. Okay. And quite frankly, the other one is what two now? So they’re not known for being quiet. No,

Scott:
She should be. This would be a short episode. Yeah.

Mindy:
Okay. So let’s go back to the beginning of your journey together. Scott was house hacking a duplex. What is your opinion of this? Because I saw that duplex that he was living in, so I know where you’re coming from. What was your thought when you first met this guy?

Virginia:
Well, I thought, well, first of all, what a sweet, wonderful man. And second of all, frugality takes on another level when you don’t heat your apartment in January in Denver, which is when we started dating, that was a red flag for me. But both Scott and Walker, it’s funny how getting serious girlfriends timed almost exactly with the decision of, hey, maybe we’ll spring for heat here.

Mindy:
So I also agree with you. That is a red flag. I would walk in and be like, dude, it’s way too cold in here. I’m out. But it’s that he chose not to as opposed to his, he got turned off.

Virginia:
Oh yeah. This was not all over twist situation. This was very much self-inflicted.

Mindy:
At what point when you guys were dating, did he bring up this concept of financial independence?

Virginia:
Gosh, I don’t, it’s hard to pinpoint an exact moment when you brought it up, but I think it was just when as we were getting to know each other and at the time you were creating a lot of content in the Phi Universe that you would tell me about articles that you were working on or ideas that you had. So gosh, probably third or fourth date, I dunno.

Scott:
Yeah, somewhere early on there.

Virginia:
Early on.

Mindy:
Yeah, it was really near the beginning. Good. I like that. I was married before we discovered financial independence, so he couldn’t bring it up on a date. He didn’t know what it was. Did you know anything about it before Scott shared it with you? Had you ever heard it?

Virginia:
No, I was so out of the whole world at the time, I was teaching middle school English, so that was kind of my entire universe. So I was a complete newbie, novice and still am in so many ways, but I was very impressed by Scott’s commitment to it and it intrigued when he started telling me about it.

Mindy:
Was it a difficult change to make to go from however you were handling your finances before to this kind? I don’t want to say extreme frugality. I don’t think Scott was ever extremely frugal, although I say this and then we just had that story about him not turning the heat on in January in Denver. Scott, you crazy, but did you make changes over time or was it kind of a, oh, well, I guess I’m just going to completely change the way that I handle my money.

Virginia:
Honestly, I was so frugal just by out of pure necessity just with my job and what I was trying to accomplish at the time. If anything, it opened up my horizon to think about, oh, are we being frugal to achieve a specific goal down the line as opposed to are we being frugal just to survive on a teacher’s salary and my summer side hustle and all that stuff. So I was very, very ready to be made a believer in Scott’s philosophy.

Mindy:
Did you have any big money, disagreements, let’s call them disagreements.

Scott:
It wasn’t a disagreement, but I remember one, maybe you could talk about how we were like, well, we don’t want to live in the basement of the duplex, which then had heat anymore after the second or third year dating.

Virginia:
Oh, these weren’t disagreements, it was just sometimes it’s remarkable the blind spots that Scott can have sometimes it’s like, well, we’re looking to upgrade our living situation slightly and the lease in the upstairs unit is coming due in a couple of months. And I went ahead and connected those dots and when we moved into another townhouse after that, but then we were thinking, okay, we could use a little more space. We’re looking to grow our family, but we’re not ready to commit to our forever home yet. What do we do? I was like, well, the lease is coming due on the four bedroom apartment.

Scott:
I do this for a living. And I just couldn’t process like, oh, money going into my business is more advantageous than money going out to somebody else as a renter there, I was like, I’m paying rent anyways. Why not go to this other? And Virginia was like, Scott, you’re a moron with this.

Virginia:
I protest the use of the word moron. I just gently pointed out that we had options. But to answer your question, Mindy, I think one point of shared frustration we have is now that we track our spending using Monarch

Speaker 4:
Is

Virginia:
We have really had to come to terms with the amount of Amazon spending, DoorDash spending things that we, I think were we not monitoring it would just balloon and be completely out of control. And so I think about what, a year or two ago we decided we need to be really meticulous in tracking every dollar and it was very eyeopening. And I sometimes have to do a breathing exercise before I sit down to categorize our Amazon spends.

Scott:
Yeah, that’s been a problem I think for me in the last two, three years specifically as well because as the job with BiggerPockets, BiggerPockets ballooned over this time period, so when Virginia and I started dating, my title was director of operations as an early employee at BiggerPockets and then I became VP at bp. I was super proud of that at that point, but BiggerPockets ballooned so much over the course of the following six, seven years after we started dating. And if there’s anything that I can get from a convenience standpoint, I’m going to spend it right now because if I’m not doing that, then I am either not having time with Virginia and Katie or I’m taking away from the job at BiggerPockets. And that got a little out of control probably the last two years ago, a year or two ago, and it’s gotten much more under control now.

Mindy:
I think Amazon Prime is the worst best invention ever because it’s so easy to click and I already paid for shipping so I don’t have to pay for shipping. I have a huge disconnect between buying something online and then it’s like, Hey, by the way, you have to pay for shipping. I’m like, I don’t need that.

Virginia:
The in dignity, what is this, 2002?

Mindy:
Yeah, exactly. And it’s always expensive shipping too, like three or $4. I’m like, no thank you. I’ll just go over to Amazon and get that for free. In fact, I have shared a couple of times, at least on the show, when somebody is having a hard time getting a handle and they’re spending, I’m like, cancel Amazon Prime. See what happens.

Virginia:
Convenience is a really slippery slope.

Mindy:
It really is. And DoorDash is not something I’ve ever done just because I am so cheap that I can’t pay somebody to pick up my food. I would rather just go there.

Scott:
We don’t have that problem. Mindy,

Virginia:
Not good for you. It’s hard to go back once you’ve, again, the convenience slippery slope, just beware.

Mindy:
So have you two combined your finances? I know you’ve been married for five years.

Scott:
Yeah, we’ll come up on five. I forgot four and a half years. Yeah,

Virginia:
That sounds right. Sure we’ll say that. That’s right. Yeah, we signed a premarital agreement. I want to say we were talking about this the other day, about six months before our actual wedding and at that point is when we combined finances.

Mindy:
Okay, so you combined before the wedding. That’s interesting. And the prenup, was that your idea or was that Scott’s idea?

Scott:
I think it was both around there. Yeah,

Mindy:
I love that. So Carl floated the idea when we were getting married a thousand years ago. He’s like, Hey, we should get a prenup. And I was like, no, if you ask me again, we’re not getting married at all. I was so offended that he would say that in my defense we didn’t have anything at all. We had, I dunno, a $0 net worth and in fact, it turned out I had more money than he did, so I should have signed that prenup. But I think that we had an interview with Aaron Thomas from the Prenup Prescription. He wrote a book about prenups that changed my entire view on prenuptial agreements and I think it’s episode 3 0 1. I thought it was such a great episode. I love that you both are young and understanding that a prenup helps you in your marriage in protecting both of your positions even before you get married. You guys are way more mature than I am,

Virginia:
And I think that there’s an undue cultural stigma attached to prenuptial agreements. And of course we want to be married for one. We joke one lifetime, please, one lifetime. But it was from mostly how do we be transparent? How do we make things, I don’t know, as equitable as possible? And I dunno, it just seemed like a no brainer.

Scott:
Yeah, I think it wasn’t approached from the standpoint of this is going, these are the things here, this is how it’s going to be. It was more just like, let’s make sure we understand what the rules are in the event that this ever happens. What’s Scott’s property? What’s Virginia’s property? What’s marital property there? And then hopefully we never need to review or look at the document again and

Virginia:
We will, because

Scott:
We’re married for one lifetime. I haven’t looked at it since. It’s somewhere maybe in our

Virginia:
Safe and I’ll add that this was also in line with, we did estate planning. We did our legal contingency plans for the care of our daughter. Just a lot of things that I think are nitpicky things that people don’t like to think about. We just thought, why don’t we knock this all out at once so we can go on with our lives?

Mindy:
I love that. Knock it all out at once. It needs to be planned. If you don’t plan, then your who is it? Aaron Lowery says you already have a prenup agreement. It is the divorce laws of your state. If you want to direct them yourself, then you need to have this in place.

Scott:
Alright, now we got to take a quick ad break, but listeners, I am super excited to announce that you can now buy your ticket for BP Con 2025, which is going to be October 5th through seventh in Las Vegas Nevada. Score the early bird pricing for 100 bucks off. And go to biggerpockets.com/conference while we’re away.

Mindy:
Welcome back to the show joined by Virginia Trench. So Virginia Scott has shared multiple times on this show that you two have an annual financial planning retreat that you do. What is your take on this?

Virginia:
Oh, I don’t know. This doesn’t sound corny. It’s one of my favorite things about our relationship and it’s such a nice way to connect on a regular basis to make sure we’re on track for living the life that we want to live. I think we did the first one on our honeymoon and we update it. Yeah,

Scott:
We update it every quarter

Virginia:
Ish

Scott:
With few exceptions. A handful of times we’ve missed it in a quarter, done it in the middle of it or whatever.

Virginia:
And occasionally Scott will bring up, oh, I got another question from a BiggerPockets community member. How do I get my spouse on board with phi? How do I get my girlfriend to get on board with all these seemingly nutty ideas? And I really think that sitting down and making a vision together, it’s a great way to get on the same page and have a why behind the choices that you’re making. And it has been eerie how it has worked out. I remember sitting down to do our vision and saying, okay, well sure, I’m going to try to write a book and maybe have some intellectual property to my name, and that all seemed like a pipe dream and my first novel is coming out this summer. It was just wild the other day to finally be able to hold the book in my hands for the first time.
Getting back to your question, Mindy, the vision is great, but the habits and the goals are better. There’s so much more important. It’s a great, we try to hold each other accountable and it is noticeable when we’re off track on our habits. Does this habit support what we ultimately want out of life? No. Do we need to be exercising more? Do we need to be checking or spending more? Am I happy at my job? Do I need to change up my approach to my day to day at work and so on and so forth. I could ramble on this just as much as has Scott.

Mindy:
Well, no, I love that. I love that because we have frequently spoken to guests where he will say, oh, she’s not on board. She doesn’t want to talk about it. She says, just handle it all. Or she will say, I would love to get him on board. He’s not interested. He won’t even listen. He won’t have these conversations. And having the money conversations I think is so important because you just said the vision is great, but it’s the habits and the goals that are even better and and I said annual, it’s a quarterly financial check-in. How frequently are you checking in on your habits and goals?

Virginia:
Weekly. I’d say sometimes biweekly.

Scott:
Weekly is the goal is what we try to do. I would say this year in the last couple of months we’ve been a little less diligent about that, but we’ve gone through stretches where I’d say we would’ve gone 20 weeks in a row

Virginia:
And it is noticeable doing anything. If we were to look back at those times like, oh wow, that’s when we got,

Scott:
Yeah,

Virginia:
This is in this done.

Mindy:
And

Virginia:
That’s when we were really happy and thriving and stuff.

Mindy:
Oh wait, so you’re saying frequent check-ins with your partner to help you stay on track to meet your goals is a good thing? What a novel concept.

Virginia:
Yeah, it has to be mutual though. My advice to anybody who’s hesitant to talk about this or maybe you were raised in a culture where money is a taboo subject, once you rip the bandaid off, it becomes more, it will stay scary and unapproachable if you let it stay scary and unapproachable. But if you have honest conversations with your partner, it gets easier and easier and better and better with time.

Mindy:
And you briefly showed us the book and then you put it back down again. What is the name of this book?

Virginia:
It’s called Our Secrets. Were Safe. It’s a sort of a juicy summer thriller comes out July 15th. It’s about a group of friends who thought they got away with something, but were very, very wrong about that. If you love sort of gone girl type books. It’s very much in that vein. And yeah, I really credit in large part our super dorky goal setting process to getting this done and getting another book in the pipeline for 2026.

Scott:
The book will be published by Penguin Random House as well with that. So as part of a two book deal, Virginia will have another book coming out in summer 2026 as well. So that was super exciting.

Mindy:
Okay. I am very excited about that. I have published two books. They were both with BiggerPockets Publishing. I turned them both in late, way late. One of them was written with Scott and his crazy schedule. My Amazing Ability, unparalleled ability to procrastinate, led both of those books to be published late. So this goal setting and regular checking in is really, really helpful. What are some of the things that you talk about in goal setting? It sounds like there’s money. It sounds like there’s life stuff too, but what sort of things you talking about?

Virginia:
Do you want to pull up? We can consult our latest draft.

Mindy:
Oh, do you have a document written down, Scott?

Virginia:
We sure do.

Scott:
Mindy. We save each version of it.

Virginia:
Oh, and it’s so much fun. It’s like a little memory book looking back at previous iterations of this, but usually we start by describing our home environment, what we want that to look like, what we like our day to day to look like.

Scott:
Well, we start off with gratitudes. That’s good. And we’ll list 20 things that were just like, so I always push for this, but we have to do this work when we’re both in a really good mood, which typically involves a morning, kind of like late mid-morning weekend or vacation day where we’ve both worked out and then are on our first or approaching our second cup of coffee at that

Virginia:
100.0%.

Scott:
And there’s got to be a view in the background that feels really important to us. It can be mountains, it can be a picnic. It doesn’t have to be an expensive lavish thing, but it just has to be something that gets our juices going.

Virginia:
If you’re trying to get your spouse or your significant other on board, think about when they would feel relaxed. If you have young children, maybe it’s after the kids are in bed or when you can give your undivided attention to something. I’ve been campaigning for years now to do this with a cocktail, but we’ve compromised with coffee, but basically a time where clear-minded, you remove distractions and potential sources of stress and sit down with your partner.

Mindy:
Well, I would also encourage one cocktail.

Virginia:
Yes. Yes.

Mindy:
One, not two. Or get a bottle of wine and split it over the course of several hours. Well, okay, that’s another question. How long do you spend on your weekly check-in and how long do you spend on your quarterly?

Scott:
About the same, probably

Virginia:
No way.

Scott:
Weekly

Virginia:
Check-in takes 10 minutes. The quarterly check-in takes half an hour

Scott:
Minimum. Yeah. Yeah, that’s fair.

Mindy:
I would love to see this document, not your actual document, but erase it all the stuff and just see the way that you’ve set it up.

Scott:
I think I did create a template version of it that was with some of a lot of the things that were personal to us removed or whatever. But yeah, there’s no secret sauce to this. This is not, this is a piece of paper, this is a Word document that we fill out with gratitudes and then we start, we say here’s our, and for the example, the most recent one, here’s our December 31st, 2030 vision and here’s our December 31st, 2027 vision. So we start with the longer term one and then kind of bridge that to what, so here’s what perfect looks like in five years and then here’s what perfect looks like in three years.

Virginia:
If we’re trying to do a step-by-step, step one gratitude list, that’s always really fun to do and a great way to center the conversation. Step two, sort of begin with the end in mind, which is a great habit forming framework. Think, I don’t know, you could do 10 years, you could do seven years, five years into the future and be as descriptive as possible.

Scott:
And it’s always a draft, so none of this is permanent and we actually update it every quarter. That’s the ritual. So it probably took us maybe an hour the first time and now it’s 30 minutes. But then we always make a slight change, a tweak here or there. Hey, we want to travel a bunch and that kind of urge is smaller now let’s revise that component of this and do something and replace it with something else. That’s awesome. Instead like a toy that we have. That’s

Virginia:
So true.

Scott:
Having

Virginia:
A introducing young children into our lives. We’ll get back to the travel one in a few years

Scott:
And so probably it’s moved a lot. If we were to start with our first one four and a half years ago, we got married on our honeymoon. That one is very different than the one we have now, but it hasn’t moved much in probably the last two years, two and a half years. They’re pretty remarkably consistent now and we just keep trying to move closer and closer towards ’em.

Mindy:
My dear listeners, we would love to hit a hundred thousand subscribers on our YouTube channel and we need your help. While we take a quick break, if you could do me a favor and hop on over to youtube.com/biggerpockets money to make sure you are subscribed to our channel. Stay tuned for more after the break.

Scott:
Thanks for sticking with us.

Mindy:
So you’ve got the setting, you’ve got your, I’m assuming that you revisit the most recent one that you did. You’re checking in on your quarterly. Walk me through how this works.

Virginia:
Sure. So after we go through the five year, 10 year vision, we hammer out a few more specifics, but we think about, okay, what are my personal top three goals, the three biggest things I should be focusing on in my life in order to be working towards that vision. So often, I mean I’d say 90% of the time that shakes out to a professional goal, a health related goal and one related to family community and that sort of thing. Would you say that that’s

Scott:
Right? Yes.

Virginia:
Yeah, so once you define the big three, you think about, okay, what does that look like on a weekly basis? On a daily basis, what should I be focusing on?

Scott:
Then we will usually branch off from there and we’ll each set our goal. Here’s the goals that we have jointly, but then we each set our goals in derivations of that. That’s where we start branching out a little bit. I use a journal that I’ve used for 10 years that’s kind like a cheesy self-help journal in Virginia, just switched over to one from Target for $12.

Mindy:
Those a

Virginia:
Great,

Scott:
Didn’t order it online because we’re not ordering as much stuff online anymore.

Mindy:
You’ve learned already, Carl and I, actually, this is kind of crazy that we’re having this conversation right now. Carl and I just decided we had been setting some goals like meeting every morning to have goal setting for the day and that is very easy to fall by the wayside because it’s so frequent, but also life just kind of jumps up in front of you. So we decided today that we were going to do this and I really like having the different goals. It’s right now it’s just how we going to get this house done. But professional goals, health goals, family and community goals. We are not really talking about those. So I like these different ideas.

Scott:
We pick three, or at least I do, I pick three big ones that are the most important for that because can’t, you can’t get all eight, all these self-help gurus have these eight wheel of life categories because that’s the right way to do it. It’s like how you do in each one of those. You can’t ever prioritize all eight at once. I feel there’s got to be three priorities, one to three,

Virginia:
And I will say that we are rarely if ever perfect when we do these check-ins. It is rare when we have a couple days in a row when we hit a hundred percent across the board. This is very much a try for it, but most days I’d say I average 75%, 80%, a hundred percent on a great really productive day when everything seems to be going well. But it’s very much we try, we’re not too hard on ourselves and I don’t want to sound like we’re super militant about this, but as long as you are trying, that’s when you start to see the results in my opinion.

Scott:
Yeah, most quarters, most weeks and most days of our marriage, we’ve been applying some version of this imperfectly and tending to move towards the life we want, I think, and it’s been wonderful.

Virginia:
Yeah, progress over perfection for sure.

Mindy:
Yeah, perfection is the enemy of progress. Okay, so Virginia, looking back on your financial journey with Scott, is there anything that you would’ve changed?

Virginia:
I think one thing that I’m working on now that I should have worked on sooner is just more self-education. I truly am. There are areas in our marriage where I’m the expert in areas where Scott is the expert, but I wish that I had taken more time to educate myself to be more of an active participant and there are certainly still times it’s tax season. Scott is handling that, where just the sheer lopsidedness of our expertise makes it so much more efficient for Scott to just drive and obviously we consult on everything but sort of be the decision maker. But yeah, I think that for so long I had a very fear driven relationship with money and if I could go back and talk to my younger self, I would say, look, there’s nothing to be afraid of. Just by avoiding something doesn’t mean that you’re going to magically get any sort of result. Avoiding things never gets you what you want. So I think that’d be the thing I would change.

Mindy:
I’m right there with you. I do 0% of the taxes. If it was up to me to get the taxes done, I would gather up all of my stuff and take it to somebody to do them and Carl is taking it to somebody to do them, but then he’s got all of these records and all of everything that he’s double checking against everything before he submits it to the accountant and I’m perfectly happy to let him handle that because he’s good at it. I don’t know that enjoys is the right word to describe his feelings for it, but he doesn’t hate it and I would absolutely hate it and he’s done it for kind of our whole lives. So why would I want to deprive him of that joy? But also it would take me so much longer to figure it out. Plus one of us has a job and one of us doesn’t so he can take the time to do it as opposed to me sitting there taking all of the time to learn how to do it all when he’s already done it for so long.

Virginia:
For sure. This might seem like a silly example, but one thing I try to be loud about in my work is not devaluing the domestic work of women, but if I were to send you to a grocery store and say we need groceries for the week to feed our little family of three, keeping in mind our toddlers likes and dislikes and just like God, we’re just really trying to get her to eat a vegetable every once in a while, it would take twice as long. The result would be terrible and it’s just more efficient and easier for me to just do it.
Okay, one quick story. So Scott is so sweet, he said, Virginia, for your birthday, I’m going to make you a carrot cake, my favorite. And he goes to the store to get the necessary ingredients and he does not pick a beginner recipe. This is a New York Times hundreds of recipe comment very in depth, get out the standing mixer from scratch recipe with high altitude modifications, bless his heart. The recipe called for shredded coconut. Scott comes home with two whole coconuts and he’s like, yeah, these are really expensive. You don’t say that the coconut supply in Colorado. Hey, I’m amazed you didn’t get a good price. This is eggs first, coconuts next whatcha going to do. So he comes home with two whole coconuts and the recipe further called for shredded carrots. So he brought home unpeeled, the bag of whole carrots and I was just like, oh honey, you know, can buy these things pre shredded. So back to the store. And so all that is to say,

Scott:
Well, I hand shredded the carrots, but the coconuts, it was just untenable. You can’t do it, hammer it apart and then you have to grate the coconut.

Virginia:
I didn’t want to seem ungrateful. It was such a sweet labor of love making this cake, which was absolutely delicious. By the way, when you were done, I was very impressed. I didn’t want to sound ungrateful, but I was just kind of like, what’s your plan for these? We have a hammer in the garage, but what’s the next step? All of that is to say,

Scott:
I went out to the grocery store and got a bag of shredded coconuts and that solved the problem. I now know that you a shredded coconuts, shredded coconuts come in, bags you can find

Virginia:
In the baking aisle of almost any grocery store. But all of that is to say in a marriage, there are times I think Kevin Hart said, this is comedian, it’s so funny. So there are times when you’re singing lead and there are times when you’re playing the triangle and it’s okay to shift those back and forth as necessary as you build a life together. Do I wish and am I trying to make an effort to be more participatory in our finances and how we lever that to live the life we want? Yes. But does that mean I need to become, it’s worth my time to become a tax expert or for Scott to go on the Great British Baking Show? Probably not. So that’s where we are with that.

Mindy:
Okay. I think our husbands are very similar, Virginia, because I have that same story except it was when Carl was going to make me a key lime pie meringue on the top. I don’t know if you’ve ever made meringue. I would love to see scotch, try to make meringue. Carl just kind of, he put the egg whites in a bowl and gave him a bit of a stir and then poured it right on top of the cake and he’s like, does it just puff up in the oven?

Virginia:
I’ve never made meringue. It’s a whole thing.

Mindy:
You have to whip it with your blender for five minutes on high. It it not just, they don’t just puff up in the oven. It was very, very sweet.

Scott:
The important takeaway from all this is that the cake was awesome, the cake was awesome. I still need to work on icing. Icing is not my strength of mine right now.

Virginia:
I was so proud of you. It was absolutely wonderful.

Mindy:
So let’s get back into the money discussion. Scott recently sold a large percentage of the index funds that you hold. Did you guys discuss this ahead of time?

Virginia:
Yes. Scott is my favorite nerd on the planet and what made me buy in literally and figuratively to this idea was just his review of historical trends saying, gosh, if you look back for the past century, every time this ratio has been this lopsided, like a crash has been coming or it’s good to protect against the possibility of one. I know you’re very bullish about saying, I’m not saying that Mark’s going to crash, so that’s not necessarily the point here, but Scott does. He loves a deep dive and I love that about him. So when I know that when he’s really fired up about something and he starts bringing out all the graphs and statistics and stuff, it’s like, okay, here we go. Time to buckle down and listen to what he has to say. So yeah, we did talk about it

Scott:
And the other part was just the income that we think we can get from this property as Mindy helping us with the deal there. I mean, it just covers

Virginia:
Such thank ndi. We don’t dunno what we do without you.

Scott:
Yeah, thank you. And it just covers so much of the day-to-day household expenses that we’d have. And I feel it’s important for us to make sure that we are living a lifestyle that is well as a conservatively fire, despite the fact that I of course still earn an income as CEO EO here at BiggerPockets with it. I just feel like that has to be congruent with what I do professionally and in my home life around there. Otherwise I’d feel like I’m not living practicing what I preach basically.

Virginia:
I think we’re at a stage now with our finances where we’re playing to keep what we have and that was part of that strategy.

Mindy:
Alright, we are talking about Scott selling his index funds. That was episode 6 0 7. We just recently released it at the end of February and Scott backs up his position, makes a really good case for why he’s making this choice. Carl and I did not choose to follow in Scott’s footsteps, which doesn’t make it a bad decision. It makes it a decision that we don’t want for us. I love what you said, Virginia. You said his review of historical data. Scott didn’t just look at the stock market and say, oh, the PE ratio is 31 I’m going to sell. He looked at all of everything, and you’re right, he loves a good deep dive. As anybody listening to this podcast knows, Scott loves to go down a rabbit hole, he went down a rabbit hole and came to a decision for him and well for you, not for everybody.
He is just encouraging people to look at different points of view, not just one, which includes don’t just listen to Scott, don’t just listen to me, do your own research. This is your money and if you leave all of your money in the index funds and something happens, you’re the only one that’s going to be having to deal with that with your position like that. Just like if I choose to leave mine in the index funds and it turns out that Scott was prescient, then I’m going to have to deal with that. But if I stay the course and Scott makes a change, he’s going to deal with that. And the reason he’s going to deal with that is because he went through and did all of the research in the first place. So yeah, I also think it helps that you got a smoking hot deal on a property. This Scott was happening to look at the market. He is like, Hey, that makes a lot of sense to me based on the information that I have about real estate in general, the market in particular, and that location specifically, I think this is a good bet. So he made an informed decision, not a fly by the city of your pants decision. And that’s what I love so much about that decision.

Scott:
Yeah, just a tip for folks listening here. You could take you five minutes to test this out, but just go look at Zillow or talk to an agent in your local market and just look at what’s for sale for investment properties and then look at what is actually sold. And my guess is that you’re going to look at the stuff that’s for sale and say, that’s absurd. It would never work. It’s ridiculous. It’s way overpriced, but when you look at what’s actually sold, you’re like, huh, I would’ve bought five or seven of those. Now this will not be true in every market, probably 75% of you will say, well, the stuff that’s sold is no better, but I bet you 25% of you listening will be like, huh, there are actually good deals moving. And that’s really what came down for me and Mindy, we talk about that at length in the book we wrote together. First time home buyer just for regular home buyers, not even investors. But that was really did it for me is I just looked up and did that exercise that I should have been doing more regularly for the last two years and I was like, wow, that is big difference.

Mindy:
Alright, Virginia, I am so delighted that you joined us on this show today. And Scott, you’re cool too.

Virginia:
This is so much fun. Thanks Mindy.

Mindy:
Thank you for

Virginia:
Having me. Thank you for going on

Scott:
Virginia.

Mindy:
I think you should come back again. So once we stop recording I will play you with compliments so that you will come back and join us again.

Virginia:
Maybe Carl and I can do a takeover. That would be fun.

Mindy:
Oh, that would be awesome. Alright. And of course make sure to bring Fred

Virginia:
Naturally.

Scott:
Yeah, Fred doesn’t need to be asked.

Mindy:
That’s so true. Do cats ever need to be asked? Alright, thank you so much for your time today, Virginia. This was so much fun. And the book is called Our Secrets. Were Safe. And it’s out in July of 2025.

Virginia:
Yes.

Scott:
Yes.

Mindy:
Awesome. Okay, thank you so much and we’ll talk to you soon.

Virginia:
Thank you.

Mindy:
Alright, that wraps up this fantastic episode of the BiggerPockets Money podcast. She is Virginia Trench. He is Mr. Virginia Trench, and I am Indy Jensen saying Goodbye. Cool, cat, that’s a wrap.

 

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Can you afford your “dream house” right now? The one with the pool and the ocean views, space for the kids to run around, and a huge pantry. The secret nobody will tell you: you CAN afford your dream house right now—or at least you can afford the investment that will get you there. Just ask James Dainard, who took a $175,000 hoarder condo and turned it into what would eventually become his $8,500,000 dream house. You can do the same using his level-up strategy.

James only started with $9,000, which turned into multiple millions over the next fifteen years. He would buy a house, fix it, and trade it up for a better one, repeating this strategy five times until he reached the goal: a 9,000-square-foot luxury home in one of the priciest markets in America, Scottsdale, Arizona.

He made millions of dollars completely tax-free because of this live-in flip strategy that ANYONE can use to massively multiply their wealth and take them to their dream home. And maybe you don’t want an $8,500,000 mansion—that’s fine! It only took James three house flips to get into “dream home territory,” and you can do the same!

Dave:
From a 1000 square foot condo to a 9,000 square foot luxury home in just five steps. Today we’re talking about how to add value to your house so you can trade up into the home your family dreams about without having to spend your savings. Hi friends. Dave Meyer here for another episode of the BiggerPockets podcast where we teach you how to achieve financial freedom through real estate. I’ve got James Dainard on the show with me here today, and if you’ve heard James on the show before, you know he’s all about value. Add renovating homes to increase their price and sell them at a profit. But James hasn’t only added value on the thousands of homes. He’s flipped as investment properties during his investing career. He’s also done it on the homes he’s owned and lived in. And you probably hear me say this all the time on the show, but your primary home is an investment and if you agree with me on that, then don’t you want to make it the best investment possible?
That’s what James has done and it’s allowed him to make money each time he’s sold his primary home, sometimes making over a million dollars on a single transaction, and he’s used that money to level up from that 1000 square foot condo I mentioned into an amazing 9,000 square foot home he lives in right now. It only took him 15 years, and if you want to check it out, you should go look at his Instagram. It’s pretty crazy. But I wanted to have James on the show because let’s be honest, you don’t need to be a professional home flipper. You don’t need to have a 9,000 square foot home or even an ambition to have that kind of home. You could do this at pretty much any level today. He’s going to tell us how to buy your primary home like an investor. That’s the most important thing. You need to think about the most efficient ways to add value while you’re living in it, and how to leverage the incredible tax benefits live in flips can create. Let’s bring on James. James, welcome back to the show.

James:
Always like being here, and this is actually one of my favorite things to talk about.

Dave:
I love this topic. You put out such a cool social media post about this and I was eager to just have you on to explain it. You’ve been on the show a million times, of course, but maybe for people who don’t know you, just give us a little bit of background about your history as an investor.

James:
So I’ve been a full-time real estate investor since 2005. We’ve now been involved in over 4,000 real estate flip transactions.

Dave:
It’s unbelievable.

James:
And typically we’re running 20, 30 flips at a time. We’re building homes. Anything that we can get a deal on and we can create value on, we are all over. So from apartments to flips to development,

Dave:
You’re obviously truly one of the best flippers in the entire world and we’re excited to have you on to tell us a little bit about how you’ve done that with your primary residents. But I also wanted to give you a shout out, man, if it’s cool that we talk about it, that you are being recognized and now have a flipping TV show on a E, right? Tell us about it.

James:
Yeah, it out March 1st on a and e. It’s million dollar zombie flips where me and my team, we are out there looking for the worst of the worst and creating luxury million dollar houses. And the cool thing is we featured a lot of brand new investors that would pitch us their deals and whether they could execute or not, we either will buy it off ’em or we’ll fund them on their entire project and help ’em through that process to create a million dollar home.

Dave:
Oh, cool. Awesome. What a great concept. And if you haven’t met James or know his team, they’re also awesome. So this is going to be a very fun project, a great group of people. Super excited to check it out, James. So where can people watch it? They can

James:
Watch it March 1st, 10:00 AM on a and e million dollar zombie flips. Check it out. We have a great time. We’re real flippers so you can see the real action

Dave:
Everyone. Make sure to check that out on a and e million dollar zombie flip. All right, well let’s talk about it because what we’re talking about here today is flipping, but sort of your primary residence. So tell us about how you’ve used your primary residence to build wealth over the course of your career.

James:
The primary residence is one of the best ways that you can excel in life because you get a tax benefit if you buy a property and you create equity or you gain equity to where if you’re married after two years, you can sell your house and take the first $500,000 in equity gain, tax free. And if you’re single, you can make $250,000 tax free. And as a flipper, we are very taxed. I typically am paying 40% on my income on everything that I make. And so to be able to make 250,000, two $500,000 tax free, it’s a huge benefit because it allows you to trade up with the extra money that you’re making. And so we’ve now done this. We are on our sixth house and I’ll say the house that we bought I never thought I’d be living in. And it’s all because of the live and flip process.

Dave:
You said something that your primary residence could be one of the best investments that you make, but there are a lot of very famous, very prominent real estate investors and real estate investor educators who say the opposite, right? You hear Grant Cardone saying that your house is not an investment. I know Robert Kiyosaki has said that your house is a liability. It sounds like you disagree. Can you explain why the tax is one thing? But it just seems like there’s sort of a philosophical difference.

James:
A hundred percent disagree with them, and I know they’re smart people, but they’re wrong. And the math will tell you that it’s wrong. So for example, their whole premise is that you can rent a lot cheaper than own and then take that money and invest it elsewhere. So let’s say on a house, I could buy a house with my process, which is to buy it, fix it up, and create equity, and then sell it in two tax free. If I’m selling a property and I’m making $500,000 tax free, that means I’m saving close to $180,000 in taxes on that house.

Dave:
It’s unbelievable.

James:
The reason they’re wrong is because if I pay five grand a month for that house as a mortgage, which is a liability, and I could rent it 2,500, well that’s going to cost me about 27, 20 $8,000 a year. That’s $56,000 after two years, but I’m making $180,000 tax free. So they’re just wrong on this. If you’re going out and buying turnkey, they have a little bit of an argument there like, Hey, can you invest it still? Invest in assets, have a lower liability that makes sense, but if you can create that equity, they are wrong and I will prove it to ’em over and over again.

Dave:
Yeah, I agree. I think that it’s a spectrum, right? They’re probably correct if you’re going out and stretching and buying the dream house, turnkey, buying new construction and moving in and those kinds of things. It is a trade off. It’s a choice. You can make your primary residence a good investment if you want to prioritize that. Some people don’t. Some people just want to buy their dream house. But if you’re listening to this podcast, I’m guessing you want to turn a profit on every real estate transaction that you do, and I a hundred percent agree with James, whether you’re house hacking or doing a live and flip, you can absolutely make your primary residence a good investment. And we’ve talked a ton on the show about house hacking, so I’m eager to hear from you just sort of the nuts and bolts and logistics of how you’ve done the live and flip model six different times now to build wealth. Can we just start at the first deal and you tell us where were you at that point in your life and what did you buy?

James:
Okay, so the first house that started the whole process, I was actually single then too. I wasn’t married, so I didn’t have up to 500,000. I could, I bought the property in 2006. I was 23 years old. I was working in real estate, and the issue I was having is I didn’t qualify for big mortgage. I couldn’t buy a lot of expensive things because of my income and what I was making. And so what I ended up buying was a condo in Bellevue, Washington, which was a hoarder condo, and it was packed. It was nasty, it needed a ton of work, but I was able to buy this property from a seller because he was moving his wife out of there. They were going to sell it, and we paid 175,000 for this condo.

Dave:
Pretty good for Bellevue. Thinking about it now,

James:
I wish I maybe would’ve kept it, but it had a purpose to get me into my next house. So we were paying 1 75, we had to put about 50,000 into the renovation with new cabinets, flooring, doors, trim, adding a bathroom, and then it was worth about 3 25 to three 50. This is a long time ago. It’s almost 20 years

Dave:
Ago. Yeah, but still. So you’re looking at a hundred, 125 grand spread there.

James:
So by the time I was done renovating, I had created the $125,000 spread.

Dave:
And were you actually living in it or were you, you bought it as a primary, you’re renting or something and renovating it on the side, and then you moved in.

James:
I was living in someone else’s house hack at the time, renting a room from someone that had bought at my business partner Will. And so once I was renovated, I moved in. And how I could afford it was a house hack too, because I rented out a room for 750 bucks a month. It covered half my mortgage, and I was doing pretty well because I’d made over $125,000 in equity and I was paying the same as what I was paying for that room down the road. So it made a big first impact, but then with the market appreciation, it created more equity.

Dave:
I guess just philosophically at that point in your life, maybe this is one of the benefits of starting at 23, but you weren’t trying to buy your dream house. You saw this as an investment, right?

James:
Yes. I wanted to own my own property, and so I had to work with what I had to afford, but even back then I was like, I want to live on the water one day randomly. I live in the desert now, but that was my goal. I was like, I want to get to a waterfront house, but there was no way I was ever going to be able to afford that. And so that was my goal, was to buy this as my starting point, save money on my rent, and then really start moving down the road.

Dave:
Well, that’s awesome. I mean, I think that’s such an important thing here because having that sort of long-term dream and plan makes it kind of fun. You see it as a stepping stone and an option of trading out and constantly moving up. And I know people don’t want to move that much, but when you have this long-term mentality, you have a choice. You could look at a property on the water and be like, I’m never going to be able to afford that. Or just kind of dream like, oh, one day I’ll get there. Or you can sort of back into how many times you need to do this live and flip concept to get there. That’s super cool. So did you live in it for exactly two years or how long did you stay?

James:
That one I lived in about two and a half years, and I ended up selling it for $450,000.

Dave:
Oh, damn. That is awesome. I mean, you more than doubled your equity there, huh?

James:
Yes. We more than doubled the equity and then that’s where the spark went off. I was like, okay, wow, I got to use this now.

Dave:
I bet the spark went off. You made 200 grand on your first live flip. It’s a pretty good deal

James:
Now. Kind of what happened from there, I had saved the money. It was tax free, and that was really also what got me through 2008 because then 2008 happened

Dave:
And

James:
Everything started getting wiped out, including me. By 2007, we were actually making money. I had this money I could trade into a new house. I was looking for my next house, but then the wheels came off and we definitely were not making money for 12 to 18 months, and that became the next problem. It was hard to get a loan and it was hard to make any kind of money in real estate from 2008 to 2009. The only thing that saved me was that equity that I’d made because it allowed me to look for that next property. And the key to this is every time you do it, there’s a little bit of sacrifice involved because you have to find the property that can create you equity, not your dream house. Because what I did know is after selling that condo, I still couldn’t afford my dream house.

Dave:
So you mentioned something that’s really important here, James, because I think when a lot of people think about flipping or buying and selling property, it was like, oh, I’ll just do a 10 31 exchange. But you mentioned one of the benefits here of Live and Flip that really isn’t available in other parts of real estate, which is that you were able to sell that, get that money tax free, and then sit on it. You didn’t have to reinvest it right away, which is how a 10 31 exchange works. You have to close within 180 days and you have to identify the properties much quicker than that. And so the live and flip, at least that I know, is really the only way that you can get that tax-free equity boost and then have the luxury of deciding when and where you want to invest it. And this is a perfect example. The market changed. James wasn’t ready to reinvest into another primary residence. So what’d you, did you rent for a little while and then buy a new house a couple of years later when you’re in a better financial position?

James:
Yeah. I ended up moving into rental, and I’ve done that twice throughout this 20 years where I sold the property, I didn’t have what I wanted to trade up into, and I just moved into a rental. I sat on it until I found the next property that I could buy. And so it kind of timed out well because I was able to kind of make it through the hard times, but then have that money sitting there. The negative thing is I kind of got wiped out. The market was tough, couldn’t make money, but then properties were a lot cheaper and it was allowing me to then reinvest into something else. So I rented, and then I was on the hunt for my next property, and the next property I found was probably the ugliest home I’ve ever bought.

Dave:
We do have to take a quick break, but first wanted to say that this segment is brought to you by simply the All-in-one CRM built for real estate investors. Automate your marketing, skip Trace for free, send direct mail and connect with your leads all in one place. Head over to reim.com/biggerpockets now to start your free trial and get 50% off your first month. Stay with us, we’ll be right back. We are back on the BiggerPockets podcast with James Dayner talking about how he has live and flipped his way to his dream house. We talked about his first deal before the break and before we left, James hinted that the second house was the ugliest house he ever bought. Please tell us about this.

James:
As your life changes, your lifestyle changes, and I had just gotten engaged with my now wife and we were looking at settling down, having some kids, so I had to find a much bigger property. Now the problem was I didn’t have the money to go buy a bigger property, couldn’t afford that monthly payment. I had some cash on the sidelines because that first condo I had to put maybe $8,000 down. I grew it into over $200,000 that I now had to reinvest tax free. But for what we were trying to do, that was going to take up all my money and I wasn’t going to still be able to afford that payment. So then I targeted the cheapest, ugliest thing I could find, and it was a bank owned property, and it literally looked like someone glued three shoe boxes together.

Dave:
Wait, what does one house or a trip flags?

James:
It was a house, but someone had taken this kind of 1950s row house, then they added a section, they converted the garage, added a weird garage thing off the back. I remember taking my wife there, I’m like, I found a house that could work for us. It’s in the right location, it’s the right size and has a big yard. Had to have acre lot. And I took her there and she’s like, are you kidding me? This is where you want to grow a family. And so I kind of talked to her about the month of payment, what we had to do, and it was either we had to live way further away or if we wanted to be where we were going to be, this is really all we could afford with that down payment. And so we ended up purchasing that property, using that money that we made tax free as our down payment, and we were able to get a construction loan on the property to where we could then take this property that we paid $235,000 for. This was something on market anybody could have bought. It was for sale for six months. That’s how ugly it was. We put about 200 grand into the property and then after the market kind of rebounded, we sold it for a million dollars and made $500,000 tax free.

Dave:
Oh my God. Okay, so let’s just go through those numbers again. So you bought it for 2 35, you said

James:
2 35.

Dave:
And did you put 20% down? Do you

James:
Remember? No, I had to put more down back then because the market was still risky, and so I had to put 25% down. It was the purchase price plus fix up, so it was around a $500,000 loan. So I put down 1 25, but then I had to have money to be able to hold the property as we were repairing it. And so I barely had enough to pull this off, and that’s why I was really trying to get this one done, and it took some convincing of my wife, but it was all because I dead done that first live and flip.

Dave:
You had enough money, right? You said you cleared like 200 grand on that first one?

James:
Yes. I barely had enough money. I had to get it renovated a certain amount of time or I would’ve been burning. I had to rent during that time too. We couldn’t move in.

Dave:
Oh yeah. So you’re double expenses.

James:
Double expenses. I have a funny story about that when I made the next trade, because I couldn’t afford both, so I went into my mom’s basement, but it made a huge difference having that capital because over two years we went from making two 50 on the first one to the second one, we made $500,000 tax free when we sold it.

Dave:
So your wife was probably pretty happy after that, I would imagine, despite living in the ugly house.

James:
You know what? But we made it beautiful. I definitely learned a lot about construction from that house alone, and it became a million dollar property. And at that point in my life, I never thought I’d own anything that was worth a million bucks. Not when I bought that condo. I bought that condo and you’re thinking a million dollars. You got to be rich to buy that. And what I realized is you don’t have to be rich, you just have to put the puzzle together

Dave:
So well, I want to hear about the rest of these deals, but I just want to ask for normal people who haven’t done 4,000 flips is the scope of what you did in these projects, things that regular or newer investors could pull off?

James:
I had never flipped a property ever when I bought that condo, and that’s why I started with something a little simpler, but it was still gross, but it was manageable. You have to do what you have to do on that property. I remember I was painting some walls. I was helping take the garbage out when I bought it. You do what you need to do to get into that first property. The second one, I had only flipped maybe 60 houses before this and never have wanted this size. So it was about finding the right contractor, and it took me a long time. I had to meet 10 different contractors. I found the guy, and we had to be thrifty though to get it done for that price too. I was out looking at every clearance shop, whatever I could get a deal on. So you have to scrap your way into the equity position, but it is doable.

Dave:
Absolutely. I love how you say just 60 flips. That would be a career for most people, but for you, 60 flips is modest,

James:
But a lot of those flips were very easy back then too. I had never done one like this, that second one, this is what I can afford, I can swing and I got to figure it out. It was definitely a tough challenging project.

Dave:
So I imagine you made 500 grand off this. You’re probably thinking, I just got married now. Is it time to buy a dream house or what’d you do after this?

James:
And this is where I did get into a dream house scenario.

Dave:
Nice.

James:
You deserve it. My wife actually was like, I really want this property. I’m like, honestly, I didn’t really want to sell that house because I’m like, we have all this equity, my mortgage payment on that house. It was $1,800 a month. Unbelievable. I’m like, we could just stay here forever. We’re fine.
But what we were able to do with that 500 grand is then we ended up buying our house in bridal trails where we paid $890,000 for a 5,000 square foot house that was completely dated and had been overrun. There was kind of two things you could do on that property. You could do more cosmetic, but then you weren’t going to create that 500,000 or you could go full mill deal on the thing. And so we paid 890,000 and then we invested a million dollars into this renovation. Wow. This was my dream house though. It was a northwest contemporary, beautiful home. I hired an awesome architect, and it was amazing. We had kids at this point. This is where it got a little tricky though. We went for another big jump,
And this was beautiful properties, Bellevue, Washington acre lot. I wanted privacy. I wanted a big yard for my kids to play in, have kids over. But that was stretching us at the time. Again, my mortgage payment was $1,800 a month, and now I was buying this property that I had to fix up for nine months. And so what we did there to afford it, and this is the conversation I had with my wife, was like, Hey, we can do this, but we got to cut our monthly cost down. So we ended up moving in to my mom’s basement. Why we renovated this with a 2-year-old and a brand new baby.

Dave:
How big of a basement was it?

James:
It was like 900 square feet. So we were good, but it was rough. It was a tough time. But for us to get us to this next level house, we had to make some sacrifices. They ate up all of our cash that we had made from our previous two houses, and we had to still make that payment while we were renovating it. But once we were done renovating, it turned into a value of 3.25 million.

Dave:
What you put in a million. So it was 1.8, 1.9 in.

James:
Yes. And I ended up selling that house three years later for 3.25 million.

Dave:
Okay, so if I’m keeping track so far, you started with, I forget exactly what it was in equity. It was like a hundred grand, and then you doubled it more than doubled it the second time around. And now this time you doubled it again.

James:
Yes. So on those three houses, we were able to make 1.25 million tax free.

Dave:
Tax free. That’s amazing.

James:
And that’s why Grant Cardone is wrong.

Dave:
Yeah, I love that. Yes. I mean, yeah, you got 1.2 million reasons why Grant Cardone is wrong there. It’s an unbelievable amount of money. Cool. So I mean at that point, I would probably relax, enjoy the amazing house that I was living in and all this money that I made. But it sounds like you kept going. So why were you just addicted at this point? You were just making so much money every time we did it.

James:
Yeah, I kind of was because part of it was we would make this money, but also we were able to reinvest some of that money into hard money, which now pays us interest. And so when we sold that house, we ended up not buying another house for about 18 months because we had taken that $1.25 million and put it into hard money. It was paying us $12,000 a month in interest. Oh my God. Wow. And so you were just renting? We were just renting, living a good lifestyle, splitting our times in different states, and we were trying to figure out where we want to be. And so I ended up buying another house about 18 months later, and I traded down. It was at property in Bellevue. The reason I bought it was not the location I really wanted to be, but it had great views, could be renovated and the value could be increased. And so I ended up paying 1.7 for that property. I put in 700 into the renovation, and then we ended up selling that one for 3.7 million. Oh my God. And part of that was the pandemic pumped value up on that house. We were targeting the 500 grand. It just went up higher because of the pandemic like everybody else.

Dave:
Well, that’s unbelievable. And I mean, it’s just another example of why the live and flip is so valuable over the 10 31. Yes, the timing that I talked about earlier, where you can take the money out and be opportunistic, which it sounds like you did again. But the other thing is you don’t have to reinvest a hundred percent of your profit. You traded down, so you’re able to take all that profit you made off the third one, still do this again and take some money off the table and invest it into another asset class. That’s unbelievable to be able to do that. And not only are you getting your primary residence, you’re diversifying at the same time. So I want to hear more about what you did next, James, but we do have to take a quick break. Before we go, I just wanted to say that if you need a financial planner who can help you get all the amazing tax benefits like James and I are talking about, we can help you find one on BiggerPockets, just go to biggerpockets.com/tax pros to get matched with a tax professional or financial planner in your area.
We’ll be right back. Welcome back to the BiggerPockets podcast here with James Danner to talk about how he live and flipped his way to enormous wealth as we are learning here. James is telling us an incredible story. When we left off, James, you had flipped a property in Bellevue during the pandemic. How much did you say you walked away from with that?

James:
Over a million dollars on that house

Dave:
In profit. So you had two in a row that were over a million dollars in profit though.

James:
Yes. And part of that was we didn’t go for our dream house. We went for the best possible deal we could find.

Dave:
But I imagine at that price point, you’re still in a nice house, right?

James:
Yeah, it’s gray house. We ended up selling the one in Bellevue after we had taken the time off. The reason I liked that deal better, we didn’t go to the most expensive because we didn’t know what our dream home was yet. So I’m trying to build up more and more cash so we can go buy that dream home. And so the great thing about that property is we paid 1.7 for it. We had gained over 1.25 million in tax-free gain, not counting the other gain we had made. And so I was able to put 400 grand down, but I still had about $650,000 remaining, which was in hard money, which was paying me $6,500 a month. So now we bought this property, we renovated it, and my entire mortgage was being paid by my hard money.

Dave:
That’s so cool.

James:
And so that tax-free gain allowed me to reinvest and pay myself and reinvest into a property. I could create another $500,000 spread in.

Dave:
So yeah, it’s not just paying the equity game, but it’s also giving you the cashflow to play your mortgage. So you’re basically living for free,

James:
And that’s a hard spot to leave. For us as lifestyle as we grew, we decided we want to be somewhere a little bit sunnier and we ended up then buying into a Newport Beach property. But that one we ended up pulling the eject card on and just flipping it, but able to take all the money that we had made tax free and invest it into a very big flip. We were thinking about moving into it and then we were going to create the same equity gain, but instead we were able to afford this luxury flip that made us a crazy amount of money.

Dave:
Tell us about this one. I know this one just happened, right? You just sold, this

James:
One just happened, and again, this wasn’t the live-in flip, but the money that we made tax-free allowed us to buy this property. So we paid 5.6 million for this house in Newport Beach. We invested 1.2 million into it and we sold it for $8.5 million.

Dave:
Wait, so you put 6.8 in and you sold it for 8.5?

James:
8.5.

Dave:
So you cleared 1.7 and one.

James:
There’s cost and money and sale costs on there. So it was 1.2 ish in there?

Dave:
Yeah. Okay. Wow. Is that your biggest, I mean, it sounds like you’ve done that more than once, but that had to be one of your biggest flips, right?

James:
Oh, that is the biggest flip I’d ever done by far

Dave:
In one deal.

James:
One deal. And we didn’t have to cash to buy something like that either, right?

Dave:
Right.

James:
That’s the thing. Just because you make more money tax free doesn’t mean you go spend it. We were really disciplined about rabbit hole that away, either keeping it hard money or reinvesting in another asset we could grow with construction. And that one in Newport Beach wasn’t a tax free sale. We never moved into it, but it gave us the money then to buy our next house, which was in Arizona, which is definitely my wife’s dream house. And I can tell you there’s no way I would ever be able to do this house if we didn’t go through these steps and create this equity and gain.

Dave:
So that’s where you’re sitting right now. You were finally in your dream house right now, or at least your wife’s dream house?

James:
Yes, we are finally in her dream house.

Dave:
All right. Tell us about it. You just moved in, right? Not long ago.

James:
Yeah, we moved in August, and so now I commute. I fly up to Seattle almost every week for work, and I come back and we live here and it’s in Arcadia, which is a neighborhood in Scottsdale. It’s a beautiful house. It’s 9,000 square feet on an acre, and now my kids are 10, 12. I can’t keep moving them. We have to root in, this will be the last time I do this until they’re out of high school.

Dave:
That makes sense.

James:
And I barely made it in the nick of time to get it there. We wanted them to be rooted in the elementary school, and so we weren’t chasing the best deal here, but I did still buy it below replacement costs.

Dave:
But obviously you still got a good deal.

James:
Yes, I can’t not do it, but we were able to move into this house the day we bought it, which we’ve never been able to do. And for everyone listening, I never thought I’d be buying a house like this. I bought a condo to try to buy a nicer house, and then I bought a nicer house, and then I traded for a nicer house. And this is the impact, and this is why I’m so passionate about this fulfilled dreams that we never thought we were going to get. And we paid 8.5 million for this house. We were able to put a large down payment down so we’re not over leveraged to where it still makes sense. And then over time, if we invest about, I would say seven, 800 grand into this property, there’s a recent sell that just sold for 13 million.

Dave:
Wow.

James:
Oh my

Dave:
God. Okay, so it’s still got a really good deal

James:
Here. It is. Yes. It just needs a little bit of a facelift. And it might be more like a million over time, but now we’re not in a hurry either. There’s no two year clock. And so that’s the beautiful thing about this, that tax savings is a real thing. I mean, we went from a $9,000 down payment into a 3 million to $4 million down payment by just sacrificing and moving things around.

Dave:
Unbelievable. It’s so cool. Like you said, I mean, I’m sure 20 years ago when you started doing this, you couldn’t imagine being in an $8 million home, but it’s the power of persistence in doing it and showing it. Real estate’s just a long game. You just keep doing it over a long enough time. Those gains are going to compound, especially if you don’t lose it to taxes, if you can compound more and more money, the math is just incredibly beneficial.

James:
And Brandon, we didn’t need 9,000 square feet. That’s ridiculous. It is. But the reason we kind of went towards this one is it was my wife’s dream house, and that’s what I really always wanted to accomplish, but also it was the best value that I could find for this kind of house because the size and the price we paid, we were able to buy it below replacement costs. And so I could have bought a cheaper house that was a little bit smaller, but I would’ve been paying $300 more square foot. And so again, I still went with that mindset of I need to buy value. And anytime you buy value, that’s how you create value in your life.

Dave:
Yeah, absolutely. Well said. And congratulations, man. This is super cool story. And I really think something that people can do. I’m learning, doing my first live and flip that this can be a real jumping off point for me. It is. I talked to my wife about it as well, this isn’t going to be our dream house, but it’s going to be a super nice place to live and we’re going to use it to catapult us into the next deal and maybe the next deal after that. And when you’re in real estate, I used to think I’d buy one house and never move, but it’s kind of fun when you are interested in real estate and construction and these kinds of things. I think it’s kind of enjoyable. Before we go James, though, I want to ask, do you have any tips for people who are not familiar with flipping but want to strike some balance between having a good place to live but also being able to generate a huge ROI like you have any thoughts or tips there?

James:
The first one is the one that gets you going. And so be less picky and chase the best value because like you just said, it’s temporary. This is a two year commitment. Then also you have to find those contractors to bring out and work on your project. The puzzle is always solvable. That’s the one thing I’ve learned in real estate investing. No matter if the market goes up and down, you got to look at that puzzle, how do you solve it? And there’s always a way to profit, but you might have to look at a lot different than what everyone else is looking at.

Dave:
Well, James, thanks so much for coming on and sharing your personal story. It’s great to hear all the success you’ve had and that you’ve finally landed in your dream house after 20 years of hard work and a lot of successful deals

James:
Put in the work. Guys, hard work works,

Dave:
Guys. This is why a and e gave him a TV show because he knows what he’s doing. So make sure to go check out Million Dollar Zombie Flips A and e comes out March 1st. Congrats on that as well.

James:
Thanks, Dave.

Dave:
All right, and thank you all so much for listening to this episode of the BiggerPockets Podcast. We’ll see you all soon.

 

 

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